Articles | Volume 6, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-179-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-179-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Original research article
| 
15 May 2020
Original research article |
| 15 May 2020
| 15 May 2020
Variation of soil organic carbon, stable isotopes, and soil quality indicators across an erosion–deposition catena in a historical Spanish olive orchard
Institute for Sustainable Agriculture-CSIC, Córdoba, Spain
Gema Guzmán
Applied Physics Dept., University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
Arsenio Toloza
Soil and Water Management & Crop Nutrition Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
Christian Resch
Soil and Water Management & Crop Nutrition Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
Roberto García-Ruíz
Animal and Plant Biology and Ecology Dept., Ecology section, Center
for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, University of Jaén, Jaén,
Spain
Lionel Mabit
Soil and Water Management & Crop Nutrition Subprogramme, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
Related authors
E. V. Taguas, C. Arroyo, A. Lora, G. Guzmán, K. Vanderlinden, and J. A. Gómez
SOIL, 1, 651–664, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-651-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-651-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Biodiversity indices for spontaneous grass cover were measured in two olive orchards in southern Spain with contrasting site conditions and management to evaluate their potential for biodiversity metrics of soil degradation. Biodiversity indices were relatively high for agricultural areas. No correlation between the biodiversity indicators and soil quality features were observed. The mere use of vegetation presence as a proxy might mask relative intense soil degradation processes.
C. Castillo, M. R. James, M. D. Redel-Macías, R. Pérez, and J. A. Gómez
SOIL, 1, 583–594, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-583-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-583-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
- We present SF3M, a new graphical user interface for implementing a complete 3-D photo-reconstruction workflow based on freely available software, in combination with a low-cost survey design for the reconstruction of a several-hundred-metres-long gully network.
- This methodology implied using inexpensive means, little manpower, in a short time span, being a promising tool for gully erosion evaluation in scenarios with demanding budget and time constraints and reduced operator expertise.
C. Castillo, R. Pérez, and J. A. Gómez
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1705–1721, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1705-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1705-2014, 2014
Stefano Gianessi, Matteo Polo, Luca Stevanato, Marcello Lunardon, Till Francke, Sascha E. Oswald, Hami Said Ahmed, Arsenio Toloza, Georg Weltin, Gerd Dercon, Emil Fulajtar, Lee Heng, and Gabriele Baroni
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 13, 9–25, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-13-9-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-13-9-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Soil moisture monitoring is important for many applications, from improving weather prediction to supporting agriculture practices. Our capability to measure this variable is still, however, limited. In this study, we show the tests conducted on a new soil moisture sensor at several locations. The results show that the new sensor is a valid and compact alternative to more conventional, non-invasive soil moisture sensors that can pave the way for a wide range of applications.
Laura Arata, Katrin Meusburger, Alexandra Bürge, Markus Zehringer, Michael E. Ketterer, Lionel Mabit, and Christine Alewell
SOIL, 3, 113–122, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-113-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-113-2017, 2017
Christine Alewell, Axel Birkholz, Katrin Meusburger, Yael Schindler Wildhaber, and Lionel Mabit
Biogeosciences, 13, 1587–1596, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1587-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1587-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Origin of suspended sediments in rivers is of crucial importance for optimization of catchment management. Sediment source attribution to a lowland river in central Switzerland with compound specific stable isotopes analysis (CSIA) indicated that 65 % of the suspended sediments originated from agricultural land during base flow, while forest was the dominant source during high flow. We achieved significant differences in CSIA signature from land uses dominated by C3 plant cultivation.
E. V. Taguas, C. Arroyo, A. Lora, G. Guzmán, K. Vanderlinden, and J. A. Gómez
SOIL, 1, 651–664, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-651-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-651-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Biodiversity indices for spontaneous grass cover were measured in two olive orchards in southern Spain with contrasting site conditions and management to evaluate their potential for biodiversity metrics of soil degradation. Biodiversity indices were relatively high for agricultural areas. No correlation between the biodiversity indicators and soil quality features were observed. The mere use of vegetation presence as a proxy might mask relative intense soil degradation processes.
C. Castillo, M. R. James, M. D. Redel-Macías, R. Pérez, and J. A. Gómez
SOIL, 1, 583–594, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-583-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-583-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
- We present SF3M, a new graphical user interface for implementing a complete 3-D photo-reconstruction workflow based on freely available software, in combination with a low-cost survey design for the reconstruction of a several-hundred-metres-long gully network.
- This methodology implied using inexpensive means, little manpower, in a short time span, being a promising tool for gully erosion evaluation in scenarios with demanding budget and time constraints and reduced operator expertise.
K. Meusburger, G. Leitinger, L. Mabit, M. H. Mueller, A. Walter, and C. Alewell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3763–3775, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3763-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3763-2014, 2014
C. Castillo, R. Pérez, and J. A. Gómez
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1705–1721, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1705-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1705-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Soil degradation
Sensitivity of source sediment fingerprinting to tracer selection methods
Response of soil nutrients and erodibility to slope aspect in the northern agro-pastoral ecotone, China
Mapping land degradation risk due to land susceptibility to dust emission and water erosion
Validating plutonium-239+240 as a novel soil redistribution tracer – a comparison to measured sediment yield
Quantification of the effects of long-term straw return on soil organic matter spatiotemporal variation: a case study in a typical black soil region
Does soil thinning change soil erodibility? An exploration of long-term erosion feedback systems
Dynamics of carbon loss from an Arenosol by a forest to vineyard land use change on a centennial scale
Tolerance of soil bacterial community to tetracycline antibiotics induced by As, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Pb pollution
The effect of tillage depth and traffic management on soil properties and root development during two growth stages of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Potential effect of wetting agents added to agricultural sprays on the stability of soil aggregates
Environmental behaviors of (E) pyriminobac-methyl in agricultural soils
The effect of natural infrastructure on water erosion mitigation in the Andes
Spatial distribution of argan tree influence on soil properties in southern Morocco
Assessing soil redistribution of forest and cropland sites in wet tropical Africa using 239+240Pu fallout radionuclides
Significant soil degradation is associated with intensive vegetable cropping in a subtropical area: a case study in southwestern China
Spatial variations, origins, and risk assessments of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in French soils
Complex soil food web enhances the association between N mineralization and soybean yield – a model study from long-term application of a conservation tillage system in a black soil of Northeast China
Understanding the role of water and tillage erosion from 239+240Pu tracer measurements using inverse modelling
Impacts of land use and topography on soil organic carbon in a Mediterranean landscape (north-western Tunisia)
Spatial assessments of soil organic carbon for stakeholder decision-making – a case study from Kenya
How serious a problem is subsoil compaction in the Netherlands? A survey based on probability sampling
Enzymatic biofilm digestion in soil aggregates facilitates the release of particulate organic matter by sonication
Exploring the linkage between spontaneous grass cover biodiversity and soil degradation in two olive orchard microcatchments with contrasting environmental and management conditions
Determination of hydrological roughness by means of close range remote sensing
Can we manipulate root system architecture to control soil erosion?
SF3M software: 3-D photo-reconstruction for non-expert users and its application to a gully network
Gully geometry: what are we measuring?
Short-term recovery of soil physical, chemical, micro- and mesobiological functions in a new vineyard under organic farming
Ecological soil quality affected by land use and management on semi-arid Crete
Identification of sensitive indicators to assess the interrelationship between soil quality, management practices and human health
Thomas Chalaux-Clergue, Rémi Bizeul, Pedro V. G. Batista, Núria Martínez-Carreras, J. Patrick Laceby, and Olivier Evrard
SOIL, 10, 109–138, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-109-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-109-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Sediment source fingerprinting is a relevant tool to support soil conservation and watershed management in the context of accelerated soil erosion. To quantify sediment source contribution, it requires the selection of relevant tracers. We compared the three-step method and the consensus method and found very contrasted trends. The divergences between virtual mixtures and sample prediction ranges highlight that virtual mixture statistics are not directly transferable to actual samples.
Yuxin Wu, Guodong Jia, Xinxiao Yu, Honghong Rao, Xiuwen Peng, Yusong Wang, Yushi Wang, and Xu Wang
SOIL, 10, 61–75, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-61-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-61-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Vegetation restoration is an important method of ecological restoration that aims to control soil erosion and prevent soil degradation. Our study suggests that combinations of species such as C. korshinskii and L. bicolor are optimal for improving the soil nutrients and soil erodibility for any slope aspect. This study provides insight into the rational planning of vegetation restoration measures for slopes with various aspects in semi-arid areas of the northern agro-pastoral ecotone.
Mahdi Boroughani, Fahimeh Mirchooli, Mojtaba Hadavifar, and Stephanie Fiedler
SOIL, 9, 411–423, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-411-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-411-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The present study used several different datasets, conducted a field survey, and paired the data with three different machine learning algorithms to construct spatial maps for areas at risk of land degradation for the Lut watershed in Iran. According to the land degradation map, almost the entire study region is at risk. A large fraction of 43 % of the area is prone to both high wind-driven and water-driven soil erosion.
Katrin Meusburger, Paolo Porto, Judith Kobler Waldis, and Christine Alewell
SOIL, 9, 399–409, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-399-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-399-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying soil redistribution rates is a global challenge. Radiogenic tracers such as plutonium, namely 239+240Pu, released to the atmosphere by atmospheric bomb testing in the 1960s are promising tools to quantify soil redistribution. Direct validation of 239+240Pu as soil redistribution is, however, still missing. Here, we used a unique sediment yield time series in southern Italy, reaching back to the initial fallout of 239+240Pu to verify 239+240Pu as a soil redistribution tracer.
Yang Yan, Wenjun Ji, Baoguo Li, Guiman Wang, Songchao Chen, Dehai Zhu, and Zhong Liu
SOIL, 9, 351–364, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-351-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-351-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The response rate of soil organic matter (SOM) to the amount of straw return was inversely proportional to the initial SOM and the sand contents. From paddy to dryland, the SOM loss decreased with the increased amount of straw return. The SOM even increased by 1.84 g kg-1 when the straw return amount reached 60–100%. The study revealed that straw return is beneficial to carbon sink in farmland and is a way to prevent a C source caused by the change of paddy field to upland.
Pedro V. G. Batista, Daniel L. Evans, Bernardo M. Cândido, and Peter Fiener
SOIL, 9, 71–88, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-71-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-71-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Most agricultural soils erode faster than new soil is formed, which leads to soil thinning. Here, we used a model simulation to investigate how soil erosion and soil thinning can alter topsoil properties and change its susceptibility to erosion. We found that soil profiles are sensitive to erosion-induced changes in the soil system, which mostly slow down soil thinning. These findings are likely to impact how we estimate soil lifespans and simulate long-term erosion dynamics.
Solène Quéro, Christine Hatté, Sophie Cornu, Adrien Duvivier, Nithavong Cam, Floriane Jamoteau, Daniel Borschneck, and Isabelle Basile-Doelsch
SOIL, 8, 517–539, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-517-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-517-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Although present in food security key areas, Arenosols carbon stocks are barely studied. A 150-year-old land use change in a Mediterranean Arenosol showed a loss from 50 Gt C ha-1 to 3 Gt C ha-1 after grape cultivation. 14C showed that deep ploughing in a vineyard plot redistributed the remaining microbial carbon both vertically and horizontally. Despite the drastic degradation of the organic matter pool, Arenosols would have a high carbon storage potential, targeting the 4 per 1000 initiative.
Vanesa Santás-Miguel, Avelino Núñez-Delgado, Esperanza Álvarez-Rodríguez, Montserrat Díaz-Raviña, Manuel Arias-Estévez, and David Fernández-Calviño
SOIL, 8, 437–449, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-437-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-437-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A laboratory experiment was carried out for 42 d to study co-selection for tolerance of tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), and chlortetracycline (CTC) in soils polluted with heavy metals (As, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Pb). At high metal concentrations, the bacterial communities show tolerance to the metal itself, occurring for all the metals tested in the long term. The bacterial communities of the soil polluted with heavy metals also showed long-term co-tolerance to TC, OTC, and CTC.
David Hobson, Mary Harty, Saoirse R. Tracy, and Kevin McDonnell
SOIL, 8, 391–408, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-391-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-391-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Tillage practices and traffic management have significant implications for root architecture, plant growth, and, ultimately, crop yield. Soil cores were extracted from a long-term tillage trial to measure the relationship between soil physical properties and root growth. We found that no-traffic and low-tyre-pressure methods significantly increased rooting properties and crop yield under zero-tillage conditions compared to conventionally managed deep-tillage treatments with high tyre pressures.
Antonín Kintl, Vítězslav Vlček, Martin Brtnický, Jan Nedělník, and Jakub Elbl
SOIL, 8, 349–372, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-349-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-349-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We have started to address this issue because the application of wetting agents is very widespread within the European Union and is often considered desirable because it increases the effectiveness of pesticides. While pesticides are thoroughly tested for their impact on the environment as a whole, testing for the effects of wetting agents is minimal. Today, there is no research on their impact on the soil environment.
Wenwen Zhou, Haoran Jia, Lang Liu, Baotong Li, Yuqi Li, and Meizhu Gao
SOIL, 8, 237–252, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-237-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-237-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Our study focuses on (E) pyriminobac-methyl (EPM), a weedicide commonly applied to agricultural soils in China, which can potentially pose serious risks to groundwater quality once it percolates through the soil. We tested the adsorption–desorption, degradation, and leaching of this compound in five agricultural soils sampled from different provinces in China.
Veerle Vanacker, Armando Molina, Miluska A. Rosas, Vivien Bonnesoeur, Francisco Román-Dañobeytia, Boris F. Ochoa-Tocachi, and Wouter Buytaert
SOIL, 8, 133–147, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-133-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-133-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Andes region is prone to natural hazards due to its steep topography and climatic variability. Anthropogenic activities further exacerbate environmental hazards and risks. This systematic review synthesizes the knowledge on the effectiveness of nature-based solutions. Conservation of natural vegetation and implementation of soil and water conservation measures had significant and positive effects on soil erosion mitigation and topsoil organic carbon concentrations.
Mario Kirchhoff, Tobias Romes, Irene Marzolff, Manuel Seeger, Ali Aït Hssaine, and Johannes B. Ries
SOIL, 7, 511–524, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-511-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-511-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study found that the influence of argan trees on soil properties in southern Morocco is mostly limited to the area covered by the tree crown. However, the tree influences the bare soil outside the crown positively in specific directions because wind and water can move litter and soil particles from under the tree to the areas between the trees. These findings, based on soil samples around argan trees, could help structure reforestation measures.
Florian Wilken, Peter Fiener, Michael Ketterer, Katrin Meusburger, Daniel Iragi Muhindo, Kristof van Oost, and Sebastian Doetterl
SOIL, 7, 399–414, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-399-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-399-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study demonstrates the usability of fallout radionuclides 239Pu and 240Pu as a tool to assess soil degradation processes in tropical Africa, which is particularly valuable in regions with limited infrastructure and challenging monitoring conditions for landscape-scale soil degradation monitoring. The study shows no indication of soil redistribution in forest sites but substantial soil redistribution in cropland (sedimentation >40 cm in 55 years) with high variability.
Ming Lu, David S. Powlson, Yi Liang, Dave R. Chadwick, Shengbi Long, Dunyi Liu, and Xinping Chen
SOIL, 7, 333–346, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-333-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-333-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Land use changes are an important anthropogenic perturbation that can cause soil degradation, but the impacts of land conversion from growing cereals to vegetables have received little attention. Using a combination of soil analyses from paired sites and data from farmer surveys, we found significant soil degradation in intensive vegetable cropping under paddy rice–oilseed rape rotation in southwestern China. This study may alert others to the potential land degradation in the subtropics.
Claire Froger, Nicolas P. A. Saby, Claudy C. Jolivet, Line Boulonne, Giovanni Caria, Xavier Freulon, Chantal de Fouquet, Hélène Roussel, Franck Marot, and Antonio Bispo
SOIL, 7, 161–178, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-161-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-161-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Pollution of French soils by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), known as carcinogenic pollutants, was quantified in this work using an extended data set of 2154 soils sampled across France. The map of PAH concentrations in French soils revealed strong trends in regions with heavy industries and around cities. The PAH signatures indicated the influence of PAH emissions in Europe during the industrial revolution. Health risks posed by PAHs in soils were low but need to be considered.
Shixiu Zhang, Liang Chang, Neil B. McLaughlin, Shuyan Cui, Haitao Wu, Donghui Wu, Wenju Liang, and Aizhen Liang
SOIL, 7, 71–82, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-71-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-71-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term conservation tillage results in more complex and heterogeneous activities of soil organisms relative to conventional tillage. This study used an energetic food web modelling approach to calculate the mineralized N delivered by the whole soil community assemblages and highlighted the essential role of soil food web complexity in coupling N mineralization and soybean yield after a 14-year application of conservation tillage in a black soil of Northeast China.
Florian Wilken, Michael Ketterer, Sylvia Koszinski, Michael Sommer, and Peter Fiener
SOIL, 6, 549–564, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-549-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-549-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soil redistribution by water and tillage erosion processes on arable land is a major threat to sustainable use of soil resources. We unravel the role of tillage and water erosion from fallout radionuclide (239+240Pu) activities in a ground moraine landscape. Our results show that tillage erosion dominates soil redistribution processes and has a major impact on the hydrological and sedimentological connectivity, which started before the onset of highly mechanised farming since the 1960s.
Donia Jendoubi, Hanspeter Liniger, and Chinwe Ifejika Speranza
SOIL, 5, 239–251, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-239-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-239-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper is original research done in north-western Tunisia; it presents the impacts of the topography (slope and aspect) and the land use systems in the SOC storage in a Mediterranean area. It provides a soil spectral library, describes the variation of SOC under different conditions, and highlights the positive impact of agroforestry as good management in improving the SOC. Therefore this finding is very important to support decision making and inform sustainable land management in Tunisia.
Tor-Gunnar Vågen, Leigh Ann Winowiecki, Constance Neely, Sabrina Chesterman, and Mieke Bourne
SOIL, 4, 259–266, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-259-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-259-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Land degradation impacts the health and livelihoods of about 1.5 billion people worldwide. The state of the environment and food security are strongly interlinked in tropical landscapes. This paper demonstrates the integration of soil organic carbon (SOC) and land health maps with socioeconomic datasets into an online, open-access platform called the Resilience Diagnostic and Decision Support Tool for Turkana County in Kenya.
Dick J. Brus and Jan J. H. van den Akker
SOIL, 4, 37–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-37-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-37-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Subsoil compaction is an important soil threat. It is caused by heavy machines used in agriculture. The aim of this study was to estimate how large the area with overcompacted subsoils is in the Netherlands. This was done by selecting locations randomly and determining the porosity and bulk density of the soil at these locations. It appeared that 43 % of the soils in the Netherlands is overcompacted, and so we conclude that subsoil compaction is indeed a serious problem in the Netherlands.
Frederick Büks and Martin Kaupenjohann
SOIL, 2, 499–509, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-499-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-499-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Soil aggregate stability and POM occlusion are integral markers for soil quality. Besides physico-chemical interactions, biofilms are considered to aggregate primary particles, but experimental proof is still missing. In our experiment, soil aggregate samples were treated with biofilm degrading enzymes and showed a reduced POM occlusion and an increased bacteria DNA release compared with untreated samples. Thus, biofilms are assumed to be an important factor of POM occlusion in soil aggregates.
E. V. Taguas, C. Arroyo, A. Lora, G. Guzmán, K. Vanderlinden, and J. A. Gómez
SOIL, 1, 651–664, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-651-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-651-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Biodiversity indices for spontaneous grass cover were measured in two olive orchards in southern Spain with contrasting site conditions and management to evaluate their potential for biodiversity metrics of soil degradation. Biodiversity indices were relatively high for agricultural areas. No correlation between the biodiversity indicators and soil quality features were observed. The mere use of vegetation presence as a proxy might mask relative intense soil degradation processes.
A. Kaiser, F. Neugirg, F. Haas, J. Schmidt, M. Becht, and M. Schindewolf
SOIL, 1, 613–620, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-613-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-613-2015, 2015
A. Ola, I. C. Dodd, and J. N. Quinton
SOIL, 1, 603–612, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-603-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-603-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Plant roots are crucial in soil erosion control. Moreover, some species respond to nutrient-rich patches by lateral root proliferation. At the soil surface dense mats of roots may block soil pores thereby limiting infiltration, enhancing runoff; whereas at depth local increases in shear strength may reinforce soils at the shear plane. This review considers the potential of manipulating plant roots to control erosion.
C. Castillo, M. R. James, M. D. Redel-Macías, R. Pérez, and J. A. Gómez
SOIL, 1, 583–594, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-583-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-583-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
- We present SF3M, a new graphical user interface for implementing a complete 3-D photo-reconstruction workflow based on freely available software, in combination with a low-cost survey design for the reconstruction of a several-hundred-metres-long gully network.
- This methodology implied using inexpensive means, little manpower, in a short time span, being a promising tool for gully erosion evaluation in scenarios with demanding budget and time constraints and reduced operator expertise.
J. Casalí, R. Giménez, and M. A. Campo-Bescós
SOIL, 1, 509–513, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-509-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-509-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Despite gullies having been intensively studied in the past decades, there is no general consensus on such basic aspects as the correct determination of the geometry (width and depth) of these erosion features. Therefore, a measurement protocol is proposed to characterize the geometry of a gully by its effective width and effective depth, which, together with its length, would permit the definition of the equivalent prismatic gully (EPG); this would facilitate the comparison between gullies.
E. A. C. Costantini, A. E. Agnelli, A. Fabiani, E. Gagnarli, S. Mocali, S. Priori, S. Simoni, and G. Valboa
SOIL, 1, 443–457, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-443-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-443-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Earthworks carried out before planting a new vineyard caused, in the surface soil layer, an increase in lime and a decline in soil OC and N contents, along with a reduction in the abundance and diversity of microbial and mesofauna communities. Five years after the new vineyard establishment, soil was still far from its original quality and this limited vine development. The reduced OM input resulting from the management and the poor residue biomass was a major factor in delaying soil resilience.
J. P. van Leeuwen, D. Moraetis, G. J. Lair, J. Bloem, N. P. Nikolaidis, L. Hemerik, and P. C. de Ruiter
SOIL Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/soild-2-187-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soild-2-187-2015, 2015
Manuscript not accepted for further review
R. Zornoza, J. A. Acosta, F. Bastida, S. G. Domínguez, D. M. Toledo, and A. Faz
SOIL, 1, 173–185, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-173-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-173-2015, 2015
Cited articles
Álvarez, S., Soriano, M. A., Landa, B. B., and Gómez, J. A.: Soil
properties in organic olive groves compared with that in natural areas in a
mountainous landscape in southern Spain, Soil Use Manage., 23, 404–416,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2007.00104.x, 2010.
Anderson, J. M. and Ingram, J. S. I. (Eds.): Tropical soil biology and
fertility: A handbook of methods, CAB International, Wallingford, UK,
1993.
Andrews, S. S. and Carroll, C. R.: Designing a soil quality assessment
tool for sustainable agroecosystem management, Ecol. Appl., 11, 1573–1585,
https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1573:DASQAT]2.0.CO;2, 2001.
Bameri, A., Khormali, F., Amir, K., and Dehghani, A.: Spatial variability of
soil organic carbon in different hillslope positions in Toshan area,
Golestan Province, Iran: Geostatistical approaches, J. Mt. Sci., 12,
1422–1433, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-014-3213-z, 2015.
Barthes, B. and Roose, E.: Aggregate stability as an indicator of soil
susceptibility to runoff and erosion: validation at several levels, Catena,
47, 133–149, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0341-8162(01)00180-1, 2002.
Bateman, A. S. and Kelly, S. D.: Fertilizer nitrogen isotope signatures, Isot.
Environ. Healt. S., 43, 237–247, https://doi.org/10.1080/10256010701550732,
2007.
Beaufoy, G.: EU Policies for olive farming-Unsustainable on all Counts,
Brussels, WWF & BirdLife Joint Report, 20 pp., 2001.
Bouyoucos, G. J.: Hydrometer method improvement for making particle size
analysis of soils, Agron. J., 54, 179–186,
https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1962.00021962005400050028x, 1962.
Deckers, J., Spaargaren, O., and Dondeyne, S.: Soil survey as a basis for
land evaluation, in: Land Use, Land Cover and Soil Sciences, Volume II: Land
Evaluation, Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, edited by: Verheyen, W.,
EOLSS-UNESCO Publ., Oxford, UK, 29–58, 2004.
De Gryze, S., Six, J., Bossuyt, H., Van Oost, K., and Merckx, R.: The
relationship between landform and the distribution of soil C, N and P under
conventional and minimum tillage, Geoderma, 144, 180–188,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.11.013, 2008.
Dell, C. J. and Sharpley, A. N.: Spatial variation of soil organic carbon in
a Northeastern U.S. watershed, J. Soil Water Conserv., 61, 129–136,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-014-0533-3, 2006.
Dlugoß, V., Fiener, P., Van Oost, K., and Schneider, K.: Model based
analysis of lateral and vertical soil carbon fluxes induced by soil
redistribution processes in a small agricultural catchment, Earth Surf.
Proc. Land., 37, 193–208, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.2246, 2012.
FAOSTAT: Food and Agriculture Statistics of FAO Publications, available at:
http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#home, last access: January 2019.
Gargouri, K., Rigane, H., Arous, I., and Touil, F.: Evolution of soil
organic carbon in an olive orchard under arid climate, Sci. Hortic., 152,
102–108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.11.025, 2013.
Gómez, J. A., Álvarez, S., and Soriano, M. A.: Development of a soil
degradation assessment tool for organic olive groves in southern Spain,
Catena, 79, 9–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2009.05.002, 2009a.
Gómez, J. A., Sobrinho, T. A., Giráldez, J. V., and Fereres, E.: Soil
management effects on runoff, erosion and soil properties in an olive grove
of Southern Spain, Soil Till. Res., 102, 5–13,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.05.005, 2009b.
Gómez, J. A, Burguet, M., Taguas, M. E., Perez, R., Ayuso, J. L.,
Vanwalleghem, T., Giraldez, J. V., and Vanderlinden, K.: Distribution of soil
organic carbon in two small agricultural Mediterranean catchments, Geophys. Res. Abstr.,
EGU2012-4232, EGU General Assembly 2012, Vienna, Austria, 2012.
Gómez, J. A., Infante-Amate, J., González de Molina, M.,
Vanwalleghem, T., Taguas, E. V., and Lorite, I.: Review: Olive cultivation,
its impact on soil erosion and its progression into yield impacts in
Southern Spain in the past as a key to a future of increasing climate
uncertainty, Agriculture, 4, 170–200,
https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture4020170, 2014.
Gómez Calero, J. A., Guzmán, G., Toloza, A., Resch, C., García-Ruiz, R., and Mabit, L.: Basic data underlying research in manuscript “Variation of soil organic carbon, stable isotopes, and soil quality indicators across an erosion–deposition catena in a historical Spanish olive orchard”, CSIC digital repository, https://doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/12513, 2020.
Harris, D., Horwath, W., and Kessel, C.: Acid fumigation of soils to remove
carbonates prior to total organic carbon or Carbon-13 isotopic analysis,
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65, 1853–1856,
https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2001.1853, 2001.
Hassink, J. and Whitmore, A. P.: A model of the physical protection of
organic matter in soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 61, 131–139,
https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100010020x, 1997.
Huang, J., Pedrera-Parrilla, A., Vanderlinden, K., Taguas, E. V., Gómez,
J. A., and Triantafilis, J.: Potential to map depth-specific soil organic
matter content across an olive grove using quasi-2d and quasi-3d inversion
of DUALEM-21 data, Catena, 152, 207–217,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2017.01.017, 2017.
Huygens, D., Denef, K., Vandeweyer, R., Godoy, R., Van Cleemput, O., and
Boeckx, P.: Do Nitrogen isotope patterns reflect microbial colonization of
soil organic matter fractions?, Biol. Fert. Soils, 44, 955–964,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-008-0280-8, 2008.
Lal, R.: Soil erosion and the global carbon budget, Environ. Int., 29,
437–450, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-4120(02)00192-7, 2003.
Lal, R.: Cover cropping and the “4 per Thousand” proposal, J. Soil Water
Conserv., 70, 141A, https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.70.6.141A, 2015.
Lal, R.: Accelerated soil erosion as a source of atmospheric CO2, Soil
Till. Res., 188, 35–40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2018.02.001,
2019.
Lugato, E., Paustian, K., Panagos, P., Jones, A., and Borrelli, P.:
Quantifying the erosion effect on current carbon budget of European
agricultural soils at high spatial resolution, Glob. Change Biol., 22,
1976–1984, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13198, 2016.
Mabit, L. and Bernard, C.: Relationship between soil inventories and
chemical properties in a small intensively cropped watershed, CR Acad. Sci.
II A, 327, 527–532, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1251-8050(99)80034-2, 1998.
Mabit, L. and Bernard, C.: Spatial distribution and content of soil organic
matter in an agricultural field in Eastern Canada, as estimated from
geostatistical tools, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 35, 278–283,
https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1907, 2010.
Mabit, L., Benmansour, M., and Walling, D. E.: Comparative advantages and
limitations of Fallout radionuclides (137Cs, 210Pb and 7Be)
to assess soil erosion and sedimentation, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 99,
1799–1807, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.08.009, 2008.
Mabit, L., Chhem-Kieth, S., Toloza, A., Vanwalleghem, T., Bernard, C.,
Infante-Amate, J., González de Molina, M., and Gómez, J. A.:
Radioisotopic and physicochemical background indicators to assess soil
degradation affecting olive orchards in southern Spain, Agr. Ecosyst.
Environ., 159, 70–80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.014, 2012.
Mabit, L., Benmansour, M., Abril, J. M., Walling, D. E., Meusburger, K.,
Iurian, A. R., Bernard, C., Tarján, S., Owens, P. N., Blake, W. H., and
Alewell, C.: Fallout 210Pb as a soil and sediment tracer in catchment
sediment budget investigations: A review, Earth-Sci. Rev., 138, 335–351,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.06.007, 2014.
Matisoff, G.: 210Pb as a tracer of soil erosion, sediment source area
identification and particle transport in the terrestrial environment, J.
Environ. Radioactiv., 138, 343–354,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.03.008, 2014.
Meusburger, K., Mabit, L., Park, J.-H., Sandor, T., and Alewell, C.: Combined use of stable isotopes and fallout radionuclides as soil erosion indicators in a forested mountain site, South Korea, Biogeosciences, 10, 5627–5638, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5627-2013, 2013.
Milgroom, J., Soriano, M. A., Garrido, J. M., Gómez, J. A., and Fereres,
E.: The influence of a shift from conventional to organic olive farming on
soil management and erosion risk in southern Spain, Renew. Agr. Food Syst.,
22, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170507001500, 2007.
Olsen, S. R. and Sommers, L. E.: Phosphorus, in: Methods of soil analysis,
Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties, edited by: Page, A. L.,
Miller, R. H., and Keeney, D., ASA & SSSA, 403–430, Madison WI, USA,
1982.
Poeplau, C. and Don, A.: Sensitivity of soil organic carbon stocks and
fractions to different land-use changes across Europe, Geoderma, 192,
189–201, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.08.003, 2013.
Rajan, K., Natarajan, A., Kumar, K. S. A., Badrinath, M. S., and Gowda, R. C.:
Soil organic carbon – the most reliable indicator for monitoring land
degradation by soil erosion, Curr. Sci., 99, 823–827, 2010.
Robison, D.: δ15N as an integrator of the nitrogen cycle,
Trends Ecol. Evol., 16, 153–162,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(00)02098-X, 2001.
Ruíz de Castroviejo, J.: Explotación de olivares en asociación
con trébol subterráneo, Agricultura, 443, 135–139, 1969.
Scheidel, A. and Krausmann, F.: Diet, trade and land use: A
socio-ecological analysis of the transformation of the olive oil system,
Land Use Policy, 28, 47–56,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2010.04.008, 2011.
Six, J., Callewaert, P., Lenders, S., De Gryz, S., Morris, S. J., Gregorich,
E. G., and Paustian, K.: Measuring and understanding carbon storage in
afforested soils by physical fractionation, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 66,
1981–1987, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2002.1981, 2002.
Soriano, M. A., Álvarez, S., Landa, B. B., and Gómez, J. A.: Soil
properties in organic olive orchards following different weed management in
a rolling landscape of Andalusia, Spain, Renew. Agr. Food Syst., 29, 83–91,
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170512000361, 2014.
Stevenson, F. J.: Nitrogen-Organic forms, in: Methods of soil analysis, Part
2. Chemical and microbiological properties, edited by: Page, A. L., Miller,
R. H., and Keeney, D., ASA & SSSA, 625–641, Madison WI, USA, 1982.
Stewart, C. E., Paustian, K., Conant, R. T., Plante, A. F., and Six, J.: Soil
carbon saturation: Implications for measurable carbon pool dynamics in
long-term incubations, Soil Biol. Biochem., 41, 357–366,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.11.011, 2009.
Van Oost, K., Govers, G., Quine, T. A., Heckrath, G., Olesen, J. E., De Gryze,
S., and Merckx, R.: Landscape-scale modeling of carbon cycling under the
impact of soil redistribution: The role of tillage erosion, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 19, GB4014, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002471, 2005.
Vanwalleghem, T., Infante-Amate, J., González de Molina, M., Soto
Fernández, D., and Gómez, J.: Quantifying the effect of historical
soil management on soil erosion rates in Mediterranean olive Orchards, Agr.
Ecosyst. Environ., 142, 341–351,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.003, 2011.
Vicente-Vicente, J. L., García-Ruiz, R., Francaviglia, R., Aguilera, E.,
and Smith, P.: Soil carbon sequestration rates under Mediterranean woody
crops using recommended management practices: A meta-analysis, Agr. Ecosyst.
Environ., 235, 204–214, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.024, 2016.
Vicente-Vicente, J. L., Gómez-Muñoz, B., Hinojosa-Centeno, M. B.,
Smith, P., and García-Ruiz, R.: Carbon saturation and assessment of
soil organic carbon fractions in Mediterranean rainfed olive orchards under
plant cover management, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 245, 135–146,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.05.020, 2017.
Wendt, J. W. and Hauser, S.: An equivalent soil mass procedure for monitoring
soil organic carbon in multiple soil layers, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 64, 58–65,
https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12002, 2013.
Short summary
The long-term evolution of soil organic carbon in an olive orchard (planted in 1856) was evaluated and compared to an adjacent undisturbed natural area. Total soil organic carbon in the top 40 cm of the soil in the orchard was reduced to 25 % of that in the undisturbed area. The deposition downslope in the orchard of sediment coming from the eroded upslope area did not increase the accumulation of organic carbon in soil, but it quadrupled available phosphorus and improved overall soil quality.
The long-term evolution of soil organic carbon in an olive orchard (planted in 1856) was...
