Articles | Volume 7, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-125-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-125-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Original research article
| 
18 May 2021
Original research article |
| 18 May 2021
| 18 May 2021
Added value of geophysics-based soil mapping in agro-ecosystem simulations
Agrosphere (IBG-3), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
Johan A. Huisman
Agrosphere (IBG-3), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
Lutz Weihermüller
Agrosphere (IBG-3), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
Michael Herbst
Agrosphere (IBG-3), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
Harry Vereecken
Agrosphere (IBG-3), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
Related authors
Salar Saeed Dogar, Cosimo Brogi, Dave O'Leary, Ixchel Hernández-Ochoa, Marco Donat, Harry Vereecken, and Johan Alexander Huisman
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-827, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-827, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Farmers need precise information about their fields to use water, fertilizers, and other resources efficiently. This study combines underground soil data and satellite images to create detailed field maps using advanced machine learning. By testing different ways of processing data, we ensured a balanced and accurate approach. The results help farmers manage their land more effectively, leading to better harvests and more sustainable farming practices.
Till Francke, Cosimo Brogi, Alby Duarte Rocha, Michael Förster, Maik Heistermann, Markus Köhli, Daniel Rasche, Marvin Reich, Paul Schattan, Lena Scheiffele, and Martin Schrön
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 819–842, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-819-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-819-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Multiple methods for measuring soil moisture beyond the point scale exist. Their validation is generally hindered by not knowing the truth. We propose a virtual framework in which this truth is fully known and the sensor observations for cosmic ray neutron sensing, remote sensing, and hydrogravimetry are simulated. This allows for the rigorous testing of these virtual sensors to understand their effectiveness and limitations.
Cosimo Brogi, Heye Reemt Bogena, Markus Köhli, Johan Alexander Huisman, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen, and Olga Dombrowski
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 11, 451–469, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-11-451-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-11-451-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Accurate monitoring of water in soil can improve irrigation efficiency, which is important considering climate change and the growing world population. Cosmic-ray neutrons sensors (CRNSs) are a promising tool in irrigation monitoring due to a larger sensed area and to lower maintenance than other ground-based sensors. Here, we analyse the feasibility of irrigation monitoring with CRNSs and the impact of the irrigated field dimensions, of the variations of water in soil, and of instrument design.
Olga Dombrowski, Cosimo Brogi, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen, Damiano Zanotelli, and Heye Bogena
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 5167–5193, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5167-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5167-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil carbon storage and food production of fruit orchards will be influenced by climate change. However, they lack representation in models that study such processes. We developed and tested a new sub-model, CLM5-FruitTree, that describes growth, biomass distribution, and management practices in orchards. The model satisfactorily predicted yield and exchange of carbon, energy, and water in an apple orchard and can be used to study land surface processes in fruit orchards at different scales.
Tim G. Reichenau, Wolfgang Korres, Marius Schmidt, Alexander Graf, Gerhard Welp, Nele Meyer, Anja Stadler, Cosimo Brogi, and Karl Schneider
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2333–2364, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2333-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2333-2020, 2020
Shiao Feng, Wenhong Wang, Yonggen Zhang, Zhongwang Wei, Jianzhi Dong, Lutz Weihermüller, and Harry Vereecken
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-410, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-410, 2025
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Soil moisture is key for weather, farming, and ecosystems, but global datasets have gaps and biases. We compared three products against 1,615 stations with more than 1.9 million measured moisture, finding ERA5-Land highly correlated but biased high, and SMAP-L4 accurate but short-term. Fusing them created an enhanced dataset, improving correlation by 5%, reducing errors by 20%, and enhancing overall fit by 15%. This seamless resource aids drought tracking, water planning, and climate adaptation.
Jordan Bates, Carsten Montzka, Harry Vereecken, and François Jonard
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3919, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3919, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
We used unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with advanced cameras and laser scanning to measure crop water use and detect early signs of plant stress. By combining 3D views of crop structure with surface temperature and reflectance data, we improved estimates of water loss, especially in dense crops like wheat. This approach can help farmers use water more efficiently, respond quickly to stress, and support sustainable agriculture in a changing climate.
Solomon Ehosioke, Sarah Garré, Johan Alexander Huisman, Egon Zimmermann, Mathieu Javaux, and Frédéric Nguyen
Biogeosciences, 22, 2853–2869, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2853-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2853-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding the electromagnetic properties of plant roots is useful to quantify plant properties and monitor plant physiological responses to changing environmental factors. We investigated the electrical properties of the primary roots of Brachypodium and maize plants during the uptake of fresh and saline water using spectral induced polarization. Our results indicate that salinity tolerance varies with the species and that Maize is more tolerant to salinity than Brachypodium.
Heye Reemt Bogena, Frank Herrmann, Andreas Lücke, Thomas Pütz, and Harry Vereecken
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-185, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-185, 2025
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
The Wüstebach catchment in Germany’s TERENO network underwent partial deforestation in 2013 to support natural regrowth in Eifel National Park. This data paper presents 16 years (2010–2024) of estimated hourly stream-water flux data for nine macro- and micronutrients, dissolved ionic aluminum, and dissolved organic carbon, along with measured solute concentrations and discharge rates from two stations—one affected by clear-cutting and one unaffected.
Manuela S. Kaufmann, Anja Klotzsche, Jan van der Kruk, Anke Langen, Harry Vereecken, and Lutz Weihermüller
SOIL, 11, 267–285, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-267-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-267-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
To use fertilizers more effectively, non-invasive geophysical methods can be used to understand nutrient distributions in the soil. We utilize, in a long-term field study, geophysical techniques to study soil properties and conditions under different fertilizer treatments. We compared the geophysical response with soil samples and soil sensor data. In particular, electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity tomography were effective in monitoring changes in nitrate levels over time.
Bamidele Oloruntoba, Stefan Kollet, Carsten Montzka, Harry Vereecken, and Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 1659–1683, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1659-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1659-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We studied how soil and weather data affect land model simulations over Africa. By combining soil data processed in different ways with weather data of varying time intervals, we found that weather inputs had a greater impact on water processes than soil data type. However, the way soil data were processed became crucial when paired with high-frequency weather inputs, showing that detailed weather data can improve local and regional predictions of how water moves and interacts with the land.
Salar Saeed Dogar, Cosimo Brogi, Dave O'Leary, Ixchel Hernández-Ochoa, Marco Donat, Harry Vereecken, and Johan Alexander Huisman
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-827, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-827, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Farmers need precise information about their fields to use water, fertilizers, and other resources efficiently. This study combines underground soil data and satellite images to create detailed field maps using advanced machine learning. By testing different ways of processing data, we ensured a balanced and accurate approach. The results help farmers manage their land more effectively, leading to better harvests and more sustainable farming practices.
Till Francke, Cosimo Brogi, Alby Duarte Rocha, Michael Förster, Maik Heistermann, Markus Köhli, Daniel Rasche, Marvin Reich, Paul Schattan, Lena Scheiffele, and Martin Schrön
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 819–842, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-819-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-819-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Multiple methods for measuring soil moisture beyond the point scale exist. Their validation is generally hindered by not knowing the truth. We propose a virtual framework in which this truth is fully known and the sensor observations for cosmic ray neutron sensing, remote sensing, and hydrogravimetry are simulated. This allows for the rigorous testing of these virtual sensors to understand their effectiveness and limitations.
Paolo Nasta, Günter Blöschl, Heye R. Bogena, Steffen Zacharias, Roland Baatz, Gabriëlle De Lannoy, Karsten H. Jensen, Salvatore Manfreda, Laurent Pfister, Ana M. Tarquis, Ilja van Meerveld, Marc Voltz, Yijian Zeng, William Kustas, Xin Li, Harry Vereecken, and Nunzio Romano
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 465–483, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-465-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-465-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Unsolved Problems in Hydrology (UPH) initiative has emphasized the need to establish networks of multi-decadal hydrological observatories to tackle catchment-scale challenges on a global scale. This opinion paper provocatively discusses two endmembers of possible future hydrological observatory (HO) networks for a given hypothesized community budget: a comprehensive set of moderately instrumented observatories or, alternatively, a small number of highly instrumented supersites.
Christian Poppe Terán, Bibi S. Naz, Harry Vereecken, Roland Baatz, Rosie A. Fisher, and Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 287–317, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-287-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-287-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon and water exchanges between the atmosphere and the land surface contribute to water resource availability and climate change mitigation. Land surface models, like the Community Land Model version 5 (CLM5), simulate these. This study finds that CLM5 and other data sets underestimate the magnitudes of and variability in carbon and water exchanges for the most abundant plant functional types compared to observations. It provides essential insights for further research into these processes.
Ying Zhao, Mehdi Rahmati, Harry Vereecken, and Dani Or
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 4059–4063, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Gao et al. (2023) question the importance of soil in hydrology, sparking debate. We acknowledge some valid points but critique their broad, unsubstantiated views on soil's role. Our response highlights three key areas: (1) the false divide between ecosystem-centric and soil-centric approaches, (2) the vital yet varied impact of soil properties, and (3) the call for a scale-aware framework. We aim to unify these perspectives, enhancing hydrology's comprehensive understanding.
Tobias Karl David Weber, Lutz Weihermüller, Attila Nemes, Michel Bechtold, Aurore Degré, Efstathios Diamantopoulos, Simone Fatichi, Vilim Filipović, Surya Gupta, Tobias L. Hohenbrink, Daniel R. Hirmas, Conrad Jackisch, Quirijn de Jong van Lier, John Koestel, Peter Lehmann, Toby R. Marthews, Budiman Minasny, Holger Pagel, Martine van der Ploeg, Shahab Aldin Shojaeezadeh, Simon Fiil Svane, Brigitta Szabó, Harry Vereecken, Anne Verhoef, Michael Young, Yijian Zeng, Yonggen Zhang, and Sara Bonetti
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 3391–3433, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-3391-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-3391-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) are used to predict parameters of models describing the hydraulic properties of soils. The appropriateness of these predictions critically relies on the nature of the datasets for training the PTFs and the physical comprehensiveness of the models. This roadmap paper is addressed to PTF developers and users and critically reflects the utility and future of PTFs. To this end, we present a manifesto aiming at a paradigm shift in PTF research.
Joschka Neumann, Nicolas Brüggemann, Patrick Chaumet, Normen Hermes, Jan Huwer, Peter Kirchner, Werner Lesmeister, Wilhelm August Mertens, Thomas Pütz, Jörg Wolters, Harry Vereecken, and Ghaleb Natour
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1598, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1598, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Climate change in combination with a steadily growing world population and a simultaneous decrease in agricultural land is one of the greatest global challenges facing mankind. In this context, Forschungszentrum Jülich established an "agricultural simulator" (AgraSim), which enables research into the effects of climate change on agricultural ecosystems and the optimization of agricultural cultivation and management strategies with the aid of combined experimental and numerical simulation.
Lukas Strebel, Heye Bogena, Harry Vereecken, Mie Andreasen, Sergio Aranda-Barranco, and Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 1001–1026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1001-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1001-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present results from using soil water content measurements from 13 European forest sites in a state-of-the-art land surface model. We use data assimilation to perform a combination of observed and modeled soil water content and show the improvements in the representation of soil water content. However, we also look at the impact on evapotranspiration and see no corresponding improvements.
Denise Degen, Daniel Caviedes Voullième, Susanne Buiter, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen, Harry Vereecken, Ana González-Nicolás, and Florian Wellmann
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 7375–7409, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7375-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7375-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In geosciences, we often use simulations based on physical laws. These simulations can be computationally expensive, which is a problem if simulations must be performed many times (e.g., to add error bounds). We show how a novel machine learning method helps to reduce simulation time. In comparison to other approaches, which typically only look at the output of a simulation, the method considers physical laws in the simulation itself. The method provides reliable results faster than standard.
Theresa Boas, Heye Reemt Bogena, Dongryeol Ryu, Harry Vereecken, Andrew Western, and Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3143–3167, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3143-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3143-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In our study, we tested the utility and skill of a state-of-the-art forecasting product for the prediction of regional crop productivity using a land surface model. Our results illustrate the potential value and skill of combining seasonal forecasts with modelling applications to generate variables of interest for stakeholders, such as annual crop yield for specific cash crops and regions. In addition, this study provides useful insights for future technical model evaluations and improvements.
Benjamin Guillaume, Hanane Aroui Boukbida, Gerben Bakker, Andrzej Bieganowski, Yves Brostaux, Wim Cornelis, Wolfgang Durner, Christian Hartmann, Bo V. Iversen, Mathieu Javaux, Joachim Ingwersen, Krzysztof Lamorski, Axel Lamparter, András Makó, Ana María Mingot Soriano, Ingmar Messing, Attila Nemes, Alexandre Pomes-Bordedebat, Martine van der Ploeg, Tobias Karl David Weber, Lutz Weihermüller, Joost Wellens, and Aurore Degré
SOIL, 9, 365–379, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-365-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-365-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of soil water retention properties play an important role in a variety of societal issues that depend on soil water conditions. However, there is little concern about the consistency of these measurements between laboratories. We conducted an interlaboratory comparison to assess the reproducibility of the measurement of the soil water retention curve. Results highlight the need to harmonize and standardize procedures to improve the description of unsaturated processes in soils.
Thomas Hermans, Pascal Goderniaux, Damien Jougnot, Jan H. Fleckenstein, Philip Brunner, Frédéric Nguyen, Niklas Linde, Johan Alexander Huisman, Olivier Bour, Jorge Lopez Alvis, Richard Hoffmann, Andrea Palacios, Anne-Karin Cooke, Álvaro Pardo-Álvarez, Lara Blazevic, Behzad Pouladi, Peleg Haruzi, Alejandro Fernandez Visentini, Guilherme E. H. Nogueira, Joel Tirado-Conde, Majken C. Looms, Meruyert Kenshilikova, Philippe Davy, and Tanguy Le Borgne
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 255–287, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-255-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-255-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Although invisible, groundwater plays an essential role for society as a source of drinking water or for ecosystems but is also facing important challenges in terms of contamination. Characterizing groundwater reservoirs with their spatial heterogeneity and their temporal evolution is therefore crucial for their sustainable management. In this paper, we review some important challenges and recent innovations in imaging and modeling the 4D nature of the hydrogeological systems.
Cosimo Brogi, Heye Reemt Bogena, Markus Köhli, Johan Alexander Huisman, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen, and Olga Dombrowski
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 11, 451–469, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-11-451-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-11-451-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Accurate monitoring of water in soil can improve irrigation efficiency, which is important considering climate change and the growing world population. Cosmic-ray neutrons sensors (CRNSs) are a promising tool in irrigation monitoring due to a larger sensed area and to lower maintenance than other ground-based sensors. Here, we analyse the feasibility of irrigation monitoring with CRNSs and the impact of the irrigated field dimensions, of the variations of water in soil, and of instrument design.
Maximilian Weigand, Egon Zimmermann, Valentin Michels, Johan Alexander Huisman, and Andreas Kemna
Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst., 11, 413–433, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-11-413-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-11-413-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The construction, operation and analysis of a spectral electrical
impedance tomography (sEIT) field monitoring setup with high spatial and temporal resolution are presented. Electromagnetic induction errors are corrected, allowing the recovery of images of in-phase conductivity and electrical polarisation of up to 1 kHz.
Olga Dombrowski, Cosimo Brogi, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen, Damiano Zanotelli, and Heye Bogena
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 5167–5193, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5167-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5167-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil carbon storage and food production of fruit orchards will be influenced by climate change. However, they lack representation in models that study such processes. We developed and tested a new sub-model, CLM5-FruitTree, that describes growth, biomass distribution, and management practices in orchards. The model satisfactorily predicted yield and exchange of carbon, energy, and water in an apple orchard and can be used to study land surface processes in fruit orchards at different scales.
Jordan Bates, Francois Jonard, Rajina Bajracharya, Harry Vereecken, and Carsten Montzka
AGILE GIScience Ser., 3, 23, https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-3-23-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/agile-giss-3-23-2022, 2022
Wei Qu, Heye Bogena, Christoph Schüth, Harry Vereecken, Zongmei Li, and Stephan Schulz
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2022-131, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2022-131, 2022
Publication in GMD not foreseen
Short summary
Short summary
We applied the global sensitivity analysis LH-OAT to the integrated hydrology model ParFlow-CLM to investigate the sensitivity of the 12 parameters for different scenarios. And we found that the general patterns of the parameter sensitivities were consistent, however, for some parameters a significantly larger span of the sensitivities was observed, especially for the higher slope and in subarctic climatic scenarios.
Nicholas Jarvis, Jannis Groh, Elisabet Lewan, Katharina H. E. Meurer, Walter Durka, Cornelia Baessler, Thomas Pütz, Elvin Rufullayev, and Harry Vereecken
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2277–2299, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2277-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2277-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We apply an eco-hydrological model to data on soil water balance and grassland growth obtained at two sites with contrasting climates. Our results show that the grassland in the drier climate had adapted by developing deeper roots, which maintained water supply to the plants in the face of severe drought. Our study emphasizes the importance of considering such plastic responses of plant traits to environmental stress in the modelling of soil water balance and plant growth under climate change.
Heye Reemt Bogena, Martin Schrön, Jannis Jakobi, Patrizia Ney, Steffen Zacharias, Mie Andreasen, Roland Baatz, David Boorman, Mustafa Berk Duygu, Miguel Angel Eguibar-Galán, Benjamin Fersch, Till Franke, Josie Geris, María González Sanchis, Yann Kerr, Tobias Korf, Zalalem Mengistu, Arnaud Mialon, Paolo Nasta, Jerzy Nitychoruk, Vassilios Pisinaras, Daniel Rasche, Rafael Rosolem, Hami Said, Paul Schattan, Marek Zreda, Stefan Achleitner, Eduardo Albentosa-Hernández, Zuhal Akyürek, Theresa Blume, Antonio del Campo, Davide Canone, Katya Dimitrova-Petrova, John G. Evans, Stefano Ferraris, Félix Frances, Davide Gisolo, Andreas Güntner, Frank Herrmann, Joost Iwema, Karsten H. Jensen, Harald Kunstmann, Antonio Lidón, Majken Caroline Looms, Sascha Oswald, Andreas Panagopoulos, Amol Patil, Daniel Power, Corinna Rebmann, Nunzio Romano, Lena Scheiffele, Sonia Seneviratne, Georg Weltin, and Harry Vereecken
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1125–1151, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Monitoring of increasingly frequent droughts is a prerequisite for climate adaptation strategies. This data paper presents long-term soil moisture measurements recorded by 66 cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS) operated by 24 institutions and distributed across major climate zones in Europe. Data processing followed harmonized protocols and state-of-the-art methods to generate consistent and comparable soil moisture products and to facilitate continental-scale analysis of hydrological extremes.
Lukas Strebel, Heye R. Bogena, Harry Vereecken, and Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 395–411, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-395-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-395-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present the technical coupling between a land surface model (CLM5) and the Parallel Data Assimilation Framework (PDAF). This coupling enables measurement data to update simulated model states and parameters in a statistically optimal way. We demonstrate the viability of the model framework using an application in a forested catchment where the inclusion of soil water measurements significantly improved the simulation quality.
Veronika Forstner, Jannis Groh, Matevz Vremec, Markus Herndl, Harry Vereecken, Horst H. Gerke, Steffen Birk, and Thomas Pütz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6087–6106, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6087-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6087-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Lysimeter-based manipulative and observational experiments were used to identify responses of water fluxes and aboveground biomass (AGB) to climatic change in permanent grassland. Under energy-limited conditions, elevated temperature actual evapotranspiration (ETa) increased, while seepage, dew, and AGB decreased. Elevated CO2 mitigated the effect on ETa. Under water limitation, elevated temperature resulted in reduced ETa, and AGB was negatively correlated with an increasing aridity.
Yafei Huang, Jonas Weis, Harry Vereecken, and Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2021-569, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2021-569, 2021
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Trends in agricultural droughts cannot be easily deduced from measurements. Here trends in agricultural droughts over 31 German and Dutch sites were calculated with model simulations and long-term observed meteorological data as input. We found that agricultural droughts are increasing although precipitation hardly decreases. The increase is driven by increase in evapotranspiration. The year 2018 was for half of the sites the year with the most extreme agricultural drought in the last 55 years.
Bernd Schalge, Gabriele Baroni, Barbara Haese, Daniel Erdal, Gernot Geppert, Pablo Saavedra, Vincent Haefliger, Harry Vereecken, Sabine Attinger, Harald Kunstmann, Olaf A. Cirpka, Felix Ament, Stefan Kollet, Insa Neuweiler, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen, and Clemens Simmer
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 4437–4464, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4437-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4437-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, a 9-year simulation of complete model output of a coupled atmosphere–land-surface–subsurface model on the catchment scale is discussed. We used the Neckar catchment in SW Germany as the basis of this simulation. Since the dataset includes the full model output, it is not only possible to investigate model behavior and interactions between the component models but also use it as a virtual truth for comparison of, for example, data assimilation experiments.
Jan Vanderborght, Valentin Couvreur, Felicien Meunier, Andrea Schnepf, Harry Vereecken, Martin Bouda, and Mathieu Javaux
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4835–4860, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4835-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4835-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Root water uptake is an important process in the terrestrial water cycle. How this process depends on soil water content, root distributions, and root properties is a soil–root hydraulic problem. We compare different approaches to implementing root hydraulics in macroscopic soil water flow and land surface models.
Youri Rothfuss, Maria Quade, Nicolas Brüggemann, Alexander Graf, Harry Vereecken, and Maren Dubbert
Biogeosciences, 18, 3701–3732, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3701-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3701-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The partitioning of evapotranspiration into evaporation from soil and transpiration from plants is crucial for a wide range of parties, from farmers to policymakers. In this work, we focus on a particular partitioning method, based on the stable isotopic analysis of water. In particular, we aim at highlighting the challenges that this method is currently facing and, in light of recent methodological developments, propose ways forward for the isotopic-partitioning community.
Theresa Boas, Heye Bogena, Thomas Grünwald, Bernard Heinesch, Dongryeol Ryu, Marius Schmidt, Harry Vereecken, Andrew Western, and Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 573–601, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-573-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-573-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we were able to significantly improve CLM5 model performance for European cropland sites by adding a winter wheat representation, specific plant parameterizations for important cash crops, and a cover-cropping and crop rotation subroutine to its crop module. Our modifications should be applied in future studies of CLM5 to improve regional yield predictions and to better understand large-scale impacts of agricultural management on carbon, water, and energy fluxes.
Tim G. Reichenau, Wolfgang Korres, Marius Schmidt, Alexander Graf, Gerhard Welp, Nele Meyer, Anja Stadler, Cosimo Brogi, and Karl Schneider
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2333–2364, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2333-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2333-2020, 2020
Jie Tian, Zhibo Han, Heye Reemt Bogena, Johan Alexander Huisman, Carsten Montzka, Baoqing Zhang, and Chansheng He
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4659–4674, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4659-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4659-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Large-scale profile soil moisture (SM) is important for water resource management, but its estimation is a challenge. Thus, based on in situ SM observations in a cold mountain, a strong relationship between the surface SM and subsurface SM is found. Both the subsurface SM of 10–30 cm and the profile SM of 0–70 cm can be estimated from the surface SM of 0–10 cm accurately. By combing with the satellite product, we improve the large-scale profile SM estimation in the cold mountains finally.
Cited articles
Ali, M., Montzka, C., Stadler, A., Menz, G., Thonfeld, F., and Vereecken,
H.: Estimation and validation of RapidEye-based time-series of leaf area
index for winter wheat in the Rur catchment (Germany), Remote Sens.-Basel, 7,
2808–2831, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70302808, 2015.
Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., and Smith, M.: FAO Irrigation and
drainage paper 56 – Crop evapotranspiration, Guidelines for computing crop
water requirements, FAO, Rome, Italy, 300, D05109, available at: http://www.fao.org/3/X0490E/X0490E00.htm (last access: 13 May 2021), 1998.
Antle, J. M., Basso, B., Conant, R. T., Godfray, H. C. J., Jones, J. W.,
Herrero, M., Howitt, R. E., Keating, B. A., Munoz-Carpena, R., and
Rosenzweig, C.: Towards a new generation of agricultural system data, models
and knowledge products: Design and improvement, Agr. Syst., 155,
255–268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2016.10.002, 2017.
Baker, F. G.: Variability of hydraulic conductivity within and between nine
Wisconsin soil series, Water Resour. Res., 14, 103–108, 1978.
Beck, P. S., Atzberger, C., Høgda, K. A., Johansen, B., and Skidmore, A.
K.: Improved monitoring of vegetation dynamics at very high latitudes: A new
method using MODIS NDVI, Remote Sens. Environ., 100, 321–334, 2006.
Binley, A., Hubbard, S. S., Huisman, J. A., Revil, A., Robinson, D. A.,
Singha, K., and Slater, L. D.: The emergence of hydrogeophysics for improved
understanding of subsurface processes over multiple scales, Water Resour. Res., 51, 3837–3866, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017016, 2015.
Boaga, J.: The use of FDEM in hydrogeophysics: A review,
J. Appl. Geophys., 139, 36–46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2017.02.011, 2017.
Boenecke, E., Lueck, E., Ruehlmann, J., Gruendling, R., and Franko, U.:
Determining the within-field yield variability from seasonally changing soil
conditions, Precis. Agric., 19, 750–769, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00464-4, 2018.
Bogena, H. R., Montzka, C., Huisman, J. A., Graf, A., Schmidt, M.,
Stockinger, M., von Hebel, C., Hendricks-Franssen, H. J., van der Kruk, J.,
and Tappe, W.: The TERENO-Rur Hydrological Observatory: A Multiscale
Multi-Compartment Research Platform for the Advancement of Hydrological
Science, Vadose Zone J., 17, 1–22, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.03.0055, 2018.
Bolinder, M. A., Angers, D. A., and Dubuc, J. P.: Estimating shoot to root
ratios and annual carbon inputs in soils for cereal crops,
Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 63, 61–66, 1997.
Bonfante, A., Agrillo, A., Albrizio, R., Basile, A., Buonomo, R., De Mascellis, R., Gambuti, A., Giorio, P., Guida, G., Langella, G., Manna, P., Minieri, L., Moio, L., Siani, T., and Terribile, F.: Functional homogeneous zones (fHZs) in viticultural zoning procedure: an Italian case study on Aglianico vine, SOIL, 1, 427–441, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-427-2015, 2015.
Boons-Prins, E. R., De Koning, G. H. J., and Van Diepen, C. A.:
Crop-specific simulation parameters for yield forecasting across the
European Community, CABO-DLO [etc.], Simulation Report CABO-TT nr. 32, Centre for Agrobiological Research (CABO) and Department of Theoretical Production Ecology, Agricultural University Wageningen, Wageningen, the Netherlands, available at: https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/308997 (last access: 13 May 2021), 1993.
Borg, H. and Grimes, D. W.: Depth development of roots with time: An
empirical description, T. ASAE, 29, 194–197, 1986.
Bouma, J.: Using soil survey data for quantitative land evaluation, in:
Advances in Soil Science, edited by: Stewart, B. A., Springer, New York, USA, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3532-3_4, 177–213, 1989.
Brakensiek, D. L. and Rawls, W. J.: Soil containing rock fragments: effects
on infiltration, Catena, 23, 99–110, 1994.
Brevik, E. C., Fenton, T. E., and Lazari, A.: Soil electrical conductivity
as a function of soil water content and implications for soil mapping,
Precis. Agric., 7, 393–404, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-006-9021-x, 2006.
Brogi, C., Huisman, J. A., Pätzold, S., von Hebel, C., Weihermüller,
L., Kaufmann, M. S., van der Kruk, J., and Vereecken, H.: Large-scale soil
mapping using multi-configuration EMI and supervised image classification,
Geoderma, 335, 133–148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.08.001, 2019.
Brogi, C., Huisman, J. A., Herbst, M., Weihermüller, L., Klosterhalfen,
A., Montzka, C., Reichenau, T. G., and Vereecken, H.: Simulation of spatial
variability in crop LAI and yield using agro-ecosystem modelling and
geophysics-based quantitative soil information, Vadose Zone J., 19, e20009, https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20009, 2020.
Campbell, G. S.: Extinction coefficients for radiation in plant canopies
calculated using an ellipsoidal inclination angle distribution,
Agr. Forest Meteorol., 36, 317–321, 1986.
Chartzoulakis, K. and Bertaki, M.: Sustainable water management in
agriculture under climate change, Agric. Agric. Sci. Proc., 4, 88–98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.03.011, 2015.
Coleman, K. and Jenkinson, D. S.: A model for the turnover of carbon in soil: Model desription and windows users guide, Tech. rep., Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts (UK), ISBN 0-951-4456-8-5, 29 pp., 2008.
Collaborative Research Centre/Transregio 32: Database, available at: https://www.tr32db.uni-koeln.de/site/index.php, last access: 13 May 2021.
Corwin, D. L. and Lesch, S. M.: Apparent soil electrical conductivity
measurements in agriculture, Comput. Electron. Agr., 46, 11–43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2004.10.005, 2005.
Daddow, R. L. and Warrington, G.: Growth-limiting soil bulk densities as
influenced by soil texture, Watershed Systems Development Group, USDA Forest
Service Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, 17 pp., 1983.
Della Chiesa, S., la Cecilia, D., Genova, G., Balotti, A., Thalheimer, M.,
Tappeiner, U., and Niedrist, G.: Farmers as data sources: Cooperative
framework for mapping soil properties for permanent crops in South Tyrol
(Northern Italy), Geoderma, 342, 93–105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.02.010,
2019.
Ehlers, W., Köpke, U., Hesse, F., and Böhm, W.: Penetration
resistance and root growth of oats in tilled and untilled loess soil,
Soil Till. Res., 3, 261–275, 1983.
ESRI: DIgitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA,
AEX, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, swisstopo, and the GIS User Comunity,
2016.
FAO: Agribusiness Handbooks, vol. 4, sugar beet and white sugar, FAO, 1999.
Feddes, R. A., Kowalik, J., and Zaradny, H.: Simulation of field water use and crop yield, Simulat. Mg., Wiley, ISBN: 9780470264638, 188 pp., 1978.
Flint, A. L. and Childs, S.: Physical Properties of Rock Fragments and
Their Effect on Available Water in Skeletal Soils 1, in: Erosion and
productivity of soils containing rock fragments, 91–103, Vol. 13, Wiley, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub13.c10, 1984.
Franzen, D. W., Hopkins, D. H., Sweeney, M. D., Ulmer, M. K., and Halvorson,
A. D.: Evaluation of soil survey scale for zone development of site-specific
nitrogen management, Agron. J., 94, 381–389, 2002.
Galambošová, J., Rataj, V., Prokeinová, R., and Prešinská, J.:
Determining the management zones with hierarchic and non-hierarchic
clustering methods, Res. Agr. Eng., 60, S44–S51, https://doi.org/10.17221/34/2013-RAE, 2014.
Gebbers, R. and Adamchuk, V. I.: Precision agriculture and food security,
Science, 327, 828–831, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1182768, 2010.
Geologischer Dienst NRW: available at: https://www.gd.nrw.de, last access:
15 October 2018.
Herbst, M., Hellebrand, H., Bauer, J., Huisman, J., Šimůnek, J.,
Weihermüller, L., Graf, A., Vanderborght, J., and Vereecken, H.:
Multiyear heterotrophic soil respiration: Evaluation of a coupled CO2
transport and carbon turnover model, Ecol. Model., 214, 271–283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.02.007, 2008.
Heuvelink, G. B. M. and Webster, R.: Modelling soil variation: past,
present, and future, Geoderma, 100, 269–301, 2001.
Jakobi, J., Huisman, J. H., Schrön, M., Fiedler, J., Brogi, C.,
Vereecken, H., and Bogena, H. R.: Error estimation for soil moisture
measurements with cosmic-ray neutron sensing and implications for rover
surveys, Frontiers in Water, 2, 10, https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2020.00010, 2020.
Jonckheere, I., Fleck, S., Nackaerts, K., Muys, B., Coppin, P., Weiss, M.,
and Baret, F.: Review of methods for in situ leaf area index determination,
Part I: Theories, sensors and hemispherical photography, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 121, 19–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2003.08.027, 2004.
King, J. A., Dampney, P. M. R., Lark, R. M., Wheeler, H. C., Bradley, R. I.,
and Mayr, T. R.: Mapping potential crop management zones within fields: use
of yield-map series and patterns of soil physical properties identified by
electromagnetic induction sensing, Precis. Agric., 6, 167–181, 2005.
Klosterhalfen, A., Herbst, M., Weihermüller, L., Graf, A., Schmidt, M.,
Stadler, A., Schneider, K., Subke, J. A., Huisman, J. A., and Vereecken, H.:
Multi-site calibration and validation of a net ecosystem carbon exchange
model for croplands, Ecol. Model., 363, 137–156, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.07.028, 2017.
Klostermann, J.: Das Quartär der Niederrheinischen Bucht: Ablagerungen
der letzten Eiszeit am Niederrhein, Geologisches Landesamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, Wolfratshausen, Germany, 200 pp., 1992.
Krüger, J., Franko, U., Fank, J., Stelzl, E., Dietrich, P., Pohle, M.,
and Werban, U.: Linking geophysics and soil function modeling – An
application study for biomass production, Vadose Zone J., 12, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.01.0015, 2013.
Mertens, F. M., Pätzold, S., and Welp, G.: Spatial heterogeneity of soil
properties and its mapping with apparent electrical conductivity,
J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sc., 171, 146–154, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200625130,
2008.
Mester, A., Zimmermann, E., Van der Kruk, J., Vereecken, H., and Van Waasen,
S.: Development and drift-analysis of a modular electromagnetic induction
system for shallow ground conductivity measurements, Meas. Sci. Technol., 25, 055801, https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/25/5/055801, 2014.
Monteiro Santos, F. A., Triantafilis, J., Bruzgulis, K. E., and Roe, J. A.
E.: Inversion of multiconfiguration electromagnetic (DUALEM-421) profiling
data using a one-dimensional laterally constrained algorithm, Vadose Zone J., 9, 117–125, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2009.0088, 2010.
Moral, F., Terrón, J., and Da Silva, J. M.: Delineation of management
zones using mobile measurements of soil apparent electrical conductivity and
multivariate geostatistical techniques, Soil Till. Res., 106,
335–343, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2009.12.002, 2010.
Nash, J. E. and Sutcliffe, J. V.: River flow forecasting through conceptual
models, Part I – A discussion of principles, J. Hydrol., 10,
282–290, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(70)90255-6, 1970.
Nawar, S., Corstanje, R., Halcro, G., Mulla, D., and Mouazen, A. M.:
Delineation of Soil Management Zones for Variable-Rate Fertilization: A
Review, Adv. Agron., 143, 175–245, https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2017.01.003, 2017.
Norman, J. M. and Campbell, G. S.: Canopy structure, in: Plant
physiological ecology, edited by: Pearcy, R. W., Ehleringer, J. R., Mooney, H. A., and Rundel, P. W., Springer, Dordrecht, 301–325, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2221-1_14, 1989.
NRW: Soil Taxation Map, Bödenschätrzungskarte: Bearbeitet nach den amtlichen Unterlagen der Bodenschätzung und des Geologischen Landesamts Nordrhein-Westfalen vom Regierungspräsidenten in Aachen und dem Geologischen Landesamt Nordrhein-Westfalen 1960, Landesvermessungsamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, 1960.
Nussbaum, M., Spiess, K., Baltensweiler, A., Grob, U., Keller, A., Greiner, L., Schaepman, M. E., and Papritz, A.: Evaluation of digital soil mapping approaches with large sets of environmental covariates, SOIL, 4, 1–22, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-1-2018, 2018.
Oldoni, H. and Bassoi, L. H.: Delineation of irrigation management zones in
a Quartzipsamment of the Brazilian semiarid region, Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras., 51, 1283–1294, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2016000900028, 2016.
Pätzold, S., Mertens, F. M., Bornemann, L., Koleczek, B., Franke, J.,
Feilhauer, H., and Welp, G.: Soil heterogeneity at the field scale: a
challenge for precision crop protection, Precis. Agric., 9, 367–390, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-008-9077-x, 2008.
Paz, J. O.: Analysis of spatial yield variability and economics of
prescriptions for precision agriculture: a crop modeling approach, Retrospective Theses and Dissertations, 13920,
https://doi.org/10.31274/rtd-180813-15274,
2000.
Penning de Vries, F., Jansen, D., ten Berge, H., and Bakema, A.: Simulation
of ecophysiological processes of growth in several annual crops, Pudoc
Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 1989.
Propastin, P. and Erasmi, S.: A physically based approach to model LAI from
MODIS 250 m data in a tropical region, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs., 12, 47–59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2009.09.013, 2010.
Rawls, W. J. and Brakensiek, D. L.: Prediction of soil water properties for
hydrologic modeling, in: Watershed management in the eighties, edited by: Jones, E. B., 293–299, American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY,
1985.
Reichenau, T. G., Korres, W., Schmidt, M., Graf, A., Welp, G., Meyer, N., Stadler, A., Brogi, C., and Schneider, K.: A comprehensive dataset of vegetation states, fluxes of matter and energy, weather, agricultural management, and soil properties from intensively monitored crop sites in western Germany, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 2333–2364, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-2333-2020, 2020.
Robert, P.: Characterization of soil conditions at the field level for soil
specific management, Geoderma, 60, 57–72, 1993.
Robinson, D. A., Binley, A., Crook, N., Day-Lewis, F., Ferré, T. P. A.,
Grauch, V. J. S., Knight, R., Knoll, M., Lakshmi, V., and Miller, R.:
Advancing process-based watershed hydrological research using near-surface
geophysics: A vision for, and review of, electrical and magnetic geophysical
methods, Hydrol. Process., 22, 3604–3635, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6963, 2008.
Rogge, D., Bauer, A., Zeidler, J., Mueller, A., Esch, T., and Heiden, U.:
Building an exposed soil composite processor (SCMaP) for mapping spatial and
temporal characteristics of soils with Landsat imagery (1984–2014), Remote Sens. Environ., 205, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.11.004, 2018.
Röhrig, W.: Bodenkarte 1:5000 zur landwirtschaftlichen Standorterkundung (BK5ÖL), 510410 and 510411, Geologisches Landesamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, Krefeld, Germany, 1996.
Ross, J.: The radiation regime and architecture of plant stands, Dr. W. Junk Publisher, The Hague, the Netherlands, 2012.
Rudolph, S., van der Kruk, J., Von Hebel, C., Ali, M., Herbst, M., Montzka,
C., Pätzold, S., Robinson, D. A., Vereecken, H., and Weihermüller,
L.: Linking satellite derived LAI patterns with subsoil heterogeneity using
large-scale ground-based electromagnetic induction measurements, Geoderma,
241, 262–271, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.11.015, 2015.
Rum, G., Iamschula, D. E. B., and Paul, H. K.: Prevalence and
interrelationships of root, Community Dent. Oral, 2, 295–304, 1974.
Saey, T., De Smedt, P., Islam, M. M., Meerschman, E., Van De Vijver, E.,
Lehouck, A., and Van Meirvenne, M.: Depth slicing of multi-receiver EMI
measurements to enhance the delineation of contrasting subsoil features,
Geoderma, 189, 514–521, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.06.010, 2012.
Schmidt, M., Reichenau, T. G., Fiener, P., and Schneider, K.: The carbon
budget of a winter wheat field: An eddy covariance analysis of seasonal and
inter-annual variability, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 165, 114–126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.05.012, 2012.
Simmer, C., Thiele-Eich, I., Masbou, M., Amelung, W., Bogena, H., Crewell,
S., Diekkrüger, B., Ewert, F., Hendricks Franssen, H.-J., and Huisman,
J. A.: Monitoring and modeling the terrestrial system from pores to
catchments: the transregional collaborative research center on patterns in
the soil-vegetation-atmosphere system, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 1765–1787, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00134.1, 2015.
Šimůnek, J. and Suarez, D. L.: Modeling of carbon dioxide transport
and production in soil: 1. Model development, Water Resour. Res., 29,
487–497, 1993.
Šimůnek, J., Suarez, D. L., and Šejna, M.: The UNSATCHEM
software package for simulating one-dimensional variably saturated water
flow, heat transport, carbon dioxide production and transport, and
multicomponent solute transport with major ion equilibrium and kinetic
chemistry, Res. Rep., research report no. 141, U.S. Salinity Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Riverside, California, 1996.
Söderström, M., Sohlenius, G., Rodhe, L., and Piikki, K.: Adaptation
of regional digital soil mapping for precision agriculture, Precis. Agric., 17, 588–607, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9439-8, 2016.
Spitters, C., van Keulen, H., and van Kraalingen, D.: A simple and univesral cro growth simulator:
SUCROS87, in: Simulation and systems management in crop protection, Pudoc, 147–181, available at: https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/171923 (last access: 13 May 2021), 1989.
Stafford, J. V., Ambler, B., Lark, R., and Catt, J.: Mapping and
interpreting the yield variation in cereal crops,
Comput. Electron. Agr., 14, 101–119, 1996.
Sylvester-Bradley, R., Lord, E., Sparkes, D., Scott, R. K., Wiltshire, J. J.
J., and Orson, J.: An analysis of the potential of precision farming in
Northern Europe, Soil Use Manage., 15, 1–8, 1999.
Tan, X., Mester, A., von Hebel, C., Zimmermann, E., Vereecken, H., van Waasen, S., and van der Kruk, J.: Simultaneous calibration and inversion
algorithm for multiconfiguration electromagnetic induction data acquired at
multiple elevationsCalibration inversion for rigid-boom EMI, Geophysics, 84,
EN1–EN14, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0264.1, 2019.
Taylor, J. C., Wood, G. A., Earl, R., and Godwin, R. J.: Soil factors and
their influence on within-field crop variability, part II: spatial analysis
and determination of management zones, Biosyst. Eng., 84, 441–453, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1537-5110(03)00005-9, 2003.
TERENO: Data Discovery Portal, available at: https://ddp.tereno.net/ddp/, last access: 13 May 2021.
Terrón, J. M., Blanco, J., Moral, F. J., Mancha, L. A., Uriarte, D., and Marques da Silva, J. R.: Evaluation of vineyard growth under four irrigation regimes using vegetation and soil on-the-go sensors, SOIL, 1, 459–473, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-459-2015, 2015.
Tewes, A., Hoffmann, H., Krauss, G., Schäfer, F., Kerkhoff, C., and
Gaiser, T.: New approaches for the assimilation of LAI measurements into a
crop model ensemble to improve wheat biomass estimations, Agronomy, 10, 446, https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030446, 2020.
Unger, P. W. and Jones, O. R.: Long-term tillage and cropping systems
affect bulk density and penetration resistance of soil cropped to dryland
wheat and grain sorghum, Soil Res., 45, 39–57, 1998.
USDA: Soil Texture Calculator, available at: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/survey/?cid=nrcs142p2_054167 (last access: 13 May 2021), 2019.
Van Genuchten, M. T.: A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic
conductivity of unsaturated soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 44, 892–898, 1980.
Van Heemst, H. D. J.: Plant data values required for simple crop growth
simulation models: review and bibliography, CABO, Simulation Report CABO-TT nr. 17, Centre for Agrobiological Research (CABO) and Department of Theoretical Production Ecology, Agricultural University Wageningen, 1988.
Simulation Reports CABO-TT, Wageningen, the Netherlands,
available at: https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/218353 (last access: 13 May 2021), 1988.
Van Looy, K., Bouma, J., Herbst, M., Koestel, J., Minasny, B., Mishra, U.,
Montzka, C., Nemes, A., Pachepsky, Y. A., and Padarian, J.: Pedotransfer
functions in Earth system science: challenges and perspectives,
Rev. Geophys., 55, 1199–1256, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017RG000581, 2017.
Vanclooster, M., Viaene, P., and Diels, J. C. K.: WAVE, a mathematical model
for simulating water and agrochemicals in the soil and the vadose
environment, Reference and user's manual, release 2.0, Institute for Land and Water Management, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium, 154 pp., 1995.
Vereecken, H., Schnepf, A., Hopmans, J. W., Javaux, M., Or, D., Roose, T.,
Vanderborght, J., Young, M., Amelung, W., and Aitkenhead, M.: Modeling soil
processes: Review, key challenges, and new perspectives, Vadose Zone J., 15, 1–57, https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2015.09.0131, 2016.
von Hebel, C., Rudolph, S., Mester, A., Huisman, J. A., Kumbhar, P.,
Vereecken, H., and van der Kruk, J.: Three-dimensional imaging of subsurface
structural patterns using quantitative large-scale multiconfiguration
electromagnetic induction data, Water Resour. Res., 50, 2732–2748, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014864, 2014.
von Hebel, C., Matveeva, M., Verweij, E., Rademske, P., Kaufmann, M. S.,
Brogi, C., Vereecken, H., Rascher, U., and van der Kruk, J.: Understanding
soil and plant interaction by combining ground-based quantitative
electromagnetic induction and airborne hyperspectral data,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 7571–7579, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078658, 2018.
Von Hebel, C., Van der Kruk, J., Huisman, J. A., Mester, A., Altdorff, D.,
Endres, A. L., Zimmermann, E., Garré, S., and Vereecken, H.:
Calibration, conversion, and quantitative multi-layer inversion of
multi-coil rigid-boom electromagnetic induction data, Sensors, 19, 4753, https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214753, 2019.
Wilhelm, W., Ruwe, K., and Schlemmer, M. R.: Comparison of three leaf area
index meters in a corn canopy, Crop Sci., 40, 1179–1183, 2000.
Wong, M. T. F. and Asseng, S.: Determining the causes of spatial and
temporal variability of wheat yields at sub-field scale using a new method
of upscaling a crop model, Plant Soil, 283, 203–215, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-006-0012-5, 2006.
Xiao, J. and Moody, A.: A comparison of methods for estimating fractional
green vegetation cover within a desert-to-upland transition zone in central
New Mexico, USA, Remote Sens. Environ., 98, 237–250, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.07.011, 2005.
Zeng, X., Rao, P., DeFries, R. S., and Hansen, M. C.: Interannual
variability and decadal trend of global fractional vegetation cover from
1982 to 2000, J. Appl. Meteorol., 42, 1525–1530, 2003.
Short summary
There is a need in agriculture for detailed soil maps that carry quantitative information. Geophysics-based soil maps have the potential to deliver such products, but their added value has not been fully investigated yet. In this study, we compare the use of a geophysics-based soil map with the use of two commonly available maps as input for crop growth simulations. The geophysics-based product results in better simulations, with improvements that depend on precipitation, soil, and crop type.
There is a need in agriculture for detailed soil maps that carry quantitative information....
