Articles | Volume 11, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-149-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-149-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Original research article
| 
05 Feb 2025
Original research article |
| 05 Feb 2025
| 05 Feb 2025
Depth dependence of soil organic carbon additional storage capacity in different soil types by the 2050 target for carbon neutrality
Clémentine Chirol
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LSE, 54000 Nancy, France
INRAE, AgroParisTech, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes, Palaiseau, France
Geoffroy Séré
Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LSE, 54000 Nancy, France
Paul-Olivier Redon
Andra, Direction Scientifique & Technologique, Centre de Meuse/Haute-Marne, 55290 Bure, France
Claire Chenu
INRAE, AgroParisTech, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes, Palaiseau, France
Delphine Derrien
INRAE, Institut Agro, SAS, 35000 Rennes, France
INRAE, Centre de Nancy, Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers, 54280 Champenoux, France
Related authors
No articles found.
Naoise Nunan, Claire Chenu, Valérie Pouteau, André Soro, Kevin Potard, Célia Regina Montes, Patricia Merdy, Adolpho José Melfi, and Yves Lucas
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3356, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3356, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
The vulnerability to decomposition of organic C in Amazonian podzols as a result of predicted drier soil moisture regimes was tested: more than four times as much CO2 was released from soils under oxic conditions with the addition of N relative to soils under the prevailing anoxic conditions. An extrapolation of the data to the whole of the Amazonian podzols suggests that this increased C-CO2 flux to the atmosphere could be equivalent to 8 % of the current net global C flux to the atmosphere.
Amicie A. Delahaie, Lauric Cécillon, Marija Stojanova, Samuel Abiven, Pierre Arbelet, Dominique Arrouays, François Baudin, Antonio Bispo, Line Boulonne, Claire Chenu, Jussi Heinonsalo, Claudy Jolivet, Kristiina Karhu, Manuel Martin, Lorenza Pacini, Christopher Poeplau, Céline Ratié, Pierre Roudier, Nicolas P. A. Saby, Florence Savignac, and Pierre Barré
SOIL, 10, 795–812, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-795-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-795-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper compares the soil organic carbon fractions obtained from a new thermal fractionation scheme and a well-known physical fractionation scheme on an unprecedented dataset of French topsoil samples. For each fraction, we use a machine learning model to determine its environmental drivers (pedology, climate, and land cover). Our results suggest that these two fractionation schemes provide different fractions, which means they provide complementary information.
Tchodjowiè P. I. Kpemoua, Pierre Barré, Sabine Houot, François Baudin, Cédric Plessis, and Claire Chenu
SOIL, 10, 533–549, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-533-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-10-533-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Several agroecological management options foster soil organic C stock accrual. What is behind the persistence of this "additional" C? We used three different methodological approaches and >20 years of field experiments under temperate conditions to find out. We found that the additional C is less stable at the pluri-decadal scale than the baseline C. This highlights the need to maintain agroecological practices to keep these carbon stocks at a high level over time.
Antoine Sobaga, Bertrand Decharme, Florence Habets, Christine Delire, Noële Enjelvin, Paul-Olivier Redon, Pierre Faure-Catteloin, and Patrick Le Moigne
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 2437–2461, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2437-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2437-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Seven instrumented lysimeters are used to assess the simulation of the soil water dynamic in one land surface model. Four water potential and hydraulic conductivity closed-form equations, including one mixed form, are evaluated. One form is more relevant for simulating drainage, especially during intense drainage events. The soil profile heterogeneity of one parameter of the closed-form equations is shown to be important.
Amicie A. Delahaie, Pierre Barré, François Baudin, Dominique Arrouays, Antonio Bispo, Line Boulonne, Claire Chenu, Claudy Jolivet, Manuel P. Martin, Céline Ratié, Nicolas P. A. Saby, Florence Savignac, and Lauric Cécillon
SOIL, 9, 209–229, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-209-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-209-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We characterized organic matter in French soils by analysing samples from the French RMQS network using Rock-Eval thermal analysis. We found that thermal analysis is appropriate to characterize large set of samples (ca. 2000) and provides interpretation references for Rock-Eval parameter values. This shows that organic matter in managed soils is on average more oxidized and more thermally stable and that some Rock-Eval parameters are good proxies for organic matter biogeochemical stability.
Antoine Sobaga, Bertrand Decharme, Florence Habets, Christine Delire, Noële Enjelvin, Paul-Olivier Redon, Pierre Faure-Catteloin, and Patrick Le Moigne
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-274, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-274, 2022
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Seven instrumented lysimeters are used to assess the simulation of the soil water dynamic in one land surface model. Three water potential and hydraulic conductivity closed-form equations including one mixed form are evaluated. The mixed form is more relevant to simulate drainage especially during intense drainage events. Soil profile heterogeneity of one parameter of the closed-form equations is shown to be important.
Eva Kanari, Lauric Cécillon, François Baudin, Hugues Clivot, Fabien Ferchaud, Sabine Houot, Florent Levavasseur, Bruno Mary, Laure Soucémarianadin, Claire Chenu, and Pierre Barré
Biogeosciences, 19, 375–387, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-375-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-375-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is crucial for climate regulation, soil quality, and food security. Predicting its evolution over the next decades is key for appropriate land management policies. However, SOC projections lack accuracy. Here we show for the first time that PARTYSOC, an approach combining thermal analysis and machine learning optimizes the accuracy of SOC model simulations at independent sites. This method can be applied at large scales, improving SOC projections on a continental scale.
Elisa Bruni, Bertrand Guenet, Yuanyuan Huang, Hugues Clivot, Iñigo Virto, Roberta Farina, Thomas Kätterer, Philippe Ciais, Manuel Martin, and Claire Chenu
Biogeosciences, 18, 3981–4004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3981-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3981-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is beneficial for climate change mitigation and food security. One way to enhance SOC stocks is to increase carbon input to the soil. We estimate the amount of carbon input required to reach a 4 % annual increase in SOC stocks in 14 long-term agricultural experiments around Europe. We found that annual carbon input should increase by 43 % under current temperature conditions, by 54 % for a 1 °C warming scenario and by 120 % for a 5 °C warming scenario.
Lauric Cécillon, François Baudin, Claire Chenu, Bent T. Christensen, Uwe Franko, Sabine Houot, Eva Kanari, Thomas Kätterer, Ines Merbach, Folkert van Oort, Christopher Poeplau, Juan Carlos Quezada, Florence Savignac, Laure N. Soucémarianadin, and Pierre Barré
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3879–3898, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3879-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3879-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Partitioning soil organic carbon (SOC) into fractions that are stable or active on a century scale is key for more accurate models of the carbon cycle. Here, we describe the second version of a machine-learning model, named PARTYsoc, which reliably predicts the proportion of the centennially stable SOC fraction at its northwestern European validation sites with Cambisols and Luvisols, the two dominant soil groups in this region, fostering modelling works of SOC dynamics.
Mathieu Chassé, Suzanne Lutfalla, Lauric Cécillon, François Baudin, Samuel Abiven, Claire Chenu, and Pierre Barré
Biogeosciences, 18, 1703–1718, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1703-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1703-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Evolution of organic carbon content in soils could be a major driver of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations over the next century. Understanding factors controlling carbon persistence in soil is a challenge. Our study of unique long-term bare-fallow samples, depleted in labile organic carbon, helps improve the separation, evaluation and characterization of carbon pools with distinct residence time in soils and gives insight into the mechanisms explaining soil organic carbon persistence.
Katharina Hildegard Elisabeth Meurer, Claire Chenu, Elsa Coucheney, Anke Marianne Herrmann, Thomas Keller, Thomas Kätterer, David Nimblad Svensson, and Nicholas Jarvis
Biogeosciences, 17, 5025–5042, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5025-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5025-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present a simple model that describes, for the first time, the dynamic two-way interactions between soil organic matter and soil physical properties (porosity, pore size distribution, bulk density and layer thickness). The model was able to accurately reproduce the changes in soil organic carbon, soil bulk density and surface elevation observed during 63 years in a field trial, as well as soil water retention curves measured at the end of the experimental period.
Maha Deeb, Peter M. Groffman, Manuel Blouin, Sara Perl Egendorf, Alan Vergnes, Viacheslav Vasenev, Donna L. Cao, Daniel Walsh, Tatiana Morin, and Geoffroy Séré
SOIL, 6, 413–434, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-413-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-413-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The goal of this study was to discuss current methods to create soils adapted for various green infrastructure (GI) designs. Investigating these new soils for several design categories of GI will provide technical information for management and design agencies. Moreover, these studies can serve as pioneer experiments to prevent recurring errors and, thus, provide improved plant growth practices. Results show that these constructed soils have a high potential to provide multiple soil functions.
Cited articles
Abramoff, R. Z., Guenet, B., Zhang, H., Georgiou, K., Xu, X., Viscarra Rossel, R. A., Yuan, W., and Ciais, P.: Improved global-scale predictions of soil carbon stocks with Millennial Version 2, Soil Biol. Biochem., 164, 108466, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108466, 2022.
Adhikari, K. and Hartemink, A. E.: Linking soils to ecosystem services – A global review, Geoderma, 262, 101–111, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.08.009, 2016.
Akpa, S. I., Odeh, I. O., Bishop, T. F., Hartemink, A. E., and Amapu, I. Y.: Total soil organic carbon and carbon sequestration potential in Nigeria, Geoderma, 271, 202–215, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.02.021, 2016.
Andriulo, A., Mary, B., and Guerif, J.: Modelling soil carbon dynamics with various cropping sequences on the rolling pampas, Agronomie, 19, 365–377, https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:19990504, 1999.
Angers, D. A., Arrouays, D., Saby, N. P. A., and Walter, C.: Estimating and mapping the carbon saturation deficit of French agricultural topsoils: Carbon saturation of French soils, Soil Use Manage., 27, 448–452, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2011.00366.x, 2011.
Autret, B., Mary, B., Chenu, C., Balabane, M., Girardin, C., Bertrand, M., Grandeau, G., and Beaudoin, N.: Alternative arable cropping systems: A key to increase soil organic carbon storage? Results from a 16 year field experiment, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 232, 150–164, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.07.008, 2016.
Balesdent, J., Basile-Doelsch, I., Chadoeuf, J., Cornu, S., Derrien, D., Fekiacova, Z., and Hatté, C.: Atmosphere–Soil Carbon Transfer as a Function of Soil Depth, Nature, 559, 599–602, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0328-3, 2018.
Barré, P., Angers, D. A., Basile-Doelsch, I., Bispo, A., Cécillon, L., Chenu, C., Chevallier, T., Derrien, D., Eglin, T. K., and Pellerin, S.: Ideas and perspectives: Can we use the soil carbon saturation deficit to quantitatively assess the soil carbon storage potential, or should we explore other strategies?, Biogeosciences Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2017-395, 2017.
Beutler, S. J., Pereira, M. G., Tassinari, W. S., Menezes, M. D., Valladares, G. S., and dos Anjos, L. H. C.: Bulk density prediction for Histosols and soil horizons with high organic matter content, Rev. Bras. Cienc. Solo, 41, e0160158, https://doi.org/10.1590/18069657rbcs20160158, 2017.
Bormann, H.: Assessing the soil texture-specific sensitivity of simulated soil moisture to projected climate change by SVAT modelling, Geoderma, 185, 73–83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.03.021, 2012.
Bolinder, M. A., Janzen, H. H., Gregorich, E. G., Angers, D. A., and VandenBygaart, A. J.: An approach for estimating net primary productivity and annual carbon inputs to soil for common agricultural crops in Canada, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 118, 29–42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.05.013, 2007.
Bruni, E., Guenet, B., Huang, Y., Clivot, H., Virto, I., Farina, R., Kätterer, T., Ciais, P., Martin, M., and Chenu, C.: Additional carbon inputs to reach a 4 per 1000 objective in Europe: feasibility and projected impacts of climate change based on Century simulations of long-term arable experiments, Biogeosciences, 18, 3981–4004, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3981-2021, 2021.
Chen, S., Arrouays, D., Angers, D. A., Chenu, C., Barré, P., Martin, M. P., Saby, N. P., and Walter, C.: National estimation of soil organic carbon storage potential for arable soils: A data-driven approach coupled with carbon-landscape zones, Sci. Total Environ., 666, 355–367, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.249, 2019.
Cissé, G., Essi, M., Kedi, B., Nicolas, M., and Staunton, S: Accumulation and vertical distribution of glomalin-related soil protein in French temperate forest soils as a function of tree type, climate and soil properties, Catena, 220, 106635, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2022.106635, 2023 (data available at: https://www.onf.fr/renecofor/+/35::opendata-onf.html, last access: 3 February 2025).
Clivot, H., Mary, B., Valé, M., Cohan, J.-P., Champolivier, L., Piraux, F., Laurent, F., and Justes, E.: Quantifying in situ and modeling net nitrogen mineralization from soil organic matter in arable cropping systems, Soil Biol. Biochem., 111, 44–59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.03.010, 2017.
Cotrufo, M. F., Ranalli, M. G., Haddix, M. L., Six, J., and Lugato, E.: Soil carbon storage informed by particulate and mineral-associated organic matter, Nat. Geosci., 12, 989–994, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0484-6, 2019.
Derrien, D., Barré, P., Basile-Doelsch, I., Cécillon, L., Chabbi, A., Crème, A., Fontaine, S., Henneron, L., Janot, N., Lashermes, G., Quénéa, K., Rees, F., and Dignac, M.-F.: Current controversies on mechanisms controlling soil carbon storage: Implications for interactions with practitioners and policy-makers. A review, Agron. Sustain. Dev., 43, 21, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-023-00876-x, 2023.
De Vos, B., Cools, N., Ilvesniemi, H., Vesterdal, L., Vanguelova, E., and Carnicelli, S.: Benchmark values for forest soil carbon stocks in Europe: Results from a large scale forest soil survey, Geoderma, 251–252, 33–46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.03.008, 2015.
Dupouey, J. L., Cosserat, R., and Favre, F.: Etablissement de la carte de l'utilisation ancienne des sols dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle sur le territoire de l'observatoire de Meuse/Haute Marne, in: , Caractérisation des milieux forestiers – site Andra Meuse/Haute-Marne, Rapport scientifique, Observatoire de l'écosystème forestier, edited by: Turpault, M. P., HAVL-Programme observation et surveillance du stockage et de son environnement, ANDRA, https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02823827 (last access: 31 January 2025), 2008.
European Environment Agency: CORINE Land Cover 2018 (Raster 100 m), Europe, 6-Yearly-Version 2020_20u1, May 2020 [data set], https://doi.org/10.2909/960998c1-1870-4e82-8051-6485205ebbac, 2020.
Fujita, Y., Witte, J. P. M., and van Bodegom, P. M.: Incorporating microbial ecology concepts into global soil mineralization models to improve predictions of carbon and nitrogen fluxes, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 28, 223–238, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GB004595, 2014.
Georgiou, K., Jackson, R. B., Vindušková, O., Abramoff, R. Z., Ahlström, A., Feng, W., Harden, J. W., Pellegrini, A. F. A., Polley, H. W., Soong, J. L., Riley, W. J., and Torn, M. S.: Global stocks and capacity of mineral-associated soil organic carbon, Nat. Commun., 13, 3797, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31540-9, 2022.
Guenet, B., Camino-Serrano, M., Ciais, P., Tifafi, M., Maignan, F., Soong, J. L., and Janssens, I. A.: Impact of priming on global soil carbon stocks, Glob. Change Biol., 24, 1873–1883, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14069, 2018.
Guo, L. B. and Gifford, R. M.: Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta-analysis, Glob. Change Biol., 8, 345–360, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1354-1013.2002.00486.x, 2002.
Harrison, R. B., Footen, P. W., and Strahm, B. D.: Deep soil horizons: Contribution and importance to soil carbon pools and in assessing whole-ecosystem response to management and global change, Forest Sci., 57, 67–76, https://doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/57.1.67, 2011.
Hartley, I. P., Hill, T. C., Chadburn, S. E., and Hugelius, G.: Temperature effects on carbon storage are controlled by soil stabilisation capacities, Nat. Commun., 12, 6713, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27101-1, 2021.
Hassink, J.: The capacity of soils to preserve organic C and N by their association with clay and silt particles, Plant Soil, 191, 77–87, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004213929699, 1997.
Houot, S., Pons, M.-N., Pradel, M., Savini, I., and Tibi, A.: Valorisation des matières fertilisantes d'origine résiduaire sur les sols à usage agricole ou forestier, Expertise scientifique collective, Inra-CNRS-Irstea, France, https://doi.org/10.15454/2jrt-ec49, 2014.
INRAE et al.: Analyses physico-chimiques des sites du Réseau de Mesures de la Qualité des Sols (RMQS) du territoire métropolitain pour la 1ère campagne (2000–2009) avec coordonnées théoriques, Recherche Data Gouv [data set], https://doi.org/10.15454/QSXKGA, 2021.
INRAE et al.: Raw bulk density and coarse fragment data of the first campaign of the French Soil Quality Monitoring Network, Recherche Data Gouv [data set], https://doi.org/10.57745/7Y3G5W, 2024.
Jackson, R. B., Canadell, J., Ehleringer, J. R., Mooney, H. A., Sala, O. E., and Schulze, E. D.: A global analysis of root distributions for terrestrial biomes, Oecologia, 108, 389–411, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00333714, 1996.
Jandl, R., Lindner, M., Vesterdal, L., Bauwens, B., Baritz, R., Hagedorn, F., Johnson, D. W., Minkkinen, K., and Byrne, K. A.: How strongly can forest management influence soil carbon sequestration?, Geoderma, 137, 253–268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.09.003, 2007.
Jobbágy, E. G. and Jackson, R. B.: The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation, Ecol. Appl., 10, 423–436, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0423:TVDOSO]2.0.CO;2, 2000.
Jreich, R.: Vertical Distribution of carbon in Soils – Bayesian Analysis of carbon content and C14 profiles, Earth Sciences, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), https://theses.hal.science/tel-02004461 (last access: 31 January 2025), 2018.
Keiluweit, M., Nico, P. S., Kleber, M., and Fendorf, S.: Are oxygen limitations under recognized regulators of organic carbon turnover in upland soils?, Biogeochemistry, 127, 157–171, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0180-6, 2016.
Kögel-Knabner, I., and Amelung, W.: Soil organic matter in major pedogenic soil groups, Geoderma, 384, 114785, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114785, 2021.
Lal, R.: Forest soils and carbon sequestration, Forest Ecol. Manag., 220, 242–258, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2005.08.015, 2005.
Levavasseur, F., Mary, B., Christensen, B. T., Duparque, A., Ferchaud, F., Kätterer, T., Lagrange, H., Montenach, D., Resseguier, C., and Houot, S.: The simple AMG model accurately simulates organic carbon storage in soils after repeated application of exogenous organic matter, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 117, 215–229, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-020-10065-x, 2020.
Luo, Z., Feng, W., Luo, Y., Baldock, J., and Wang, E.: Soil organic carbon dynamics jointly controlled by climate, carbon inputs, soil properties and soil carbon fractions, Glob. Change Biol., 23, 4430–4439, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13767, 2017.
Malik, A. A., Puissant, J., Buckeridge, K. M., Goodall, T., Jehmlich, N., Chowdhury, S., Gweon, H. S., Peyton, J. M., Mason, K. E., van Agtmaal, M., Blaud, A., Clark, I. M., Whitaker, J., Pywell, R. F., Ostle, N., Gleixner, G., and Griffiths, R. I.: Land use driven change in soil pH affects microbial carbon cycling processes, Nat. Commun., 9, 3591, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05980-1, 2018.
Mao, Z., Derrien, D., Didion, M., Liski, J., Eglin, T., Nicolas, M., Jonard, M., and Saint-André, L.: Modeling soil organic carbon dynamics in temperate forests with Yasso07, Biogeosciences, 16, 1955–1973, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1955-2019, 2019.
Martin, M. P., Dimassi, B., Román Dobarco, M., Guenet, B., Arrouays, D., Angers, D. A., Blache, F., Huard, F., and Pellerin, S.: Feasibility of the 4 per 1000 aspirational target for soil carbon: A case study for France, Glob. Change Biol., 27, 2458–2477, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15547, 2021.
Mathieu, J. A., Hatté, C., Balesdent, J., and Parent, É.: Deep soil carbon dynamics are driven more by soil type than by climate: A worldwide meta-analysis of radiocarbon profiles, Glob. Change Biol., 21, 4278–4292, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13012, 2015.
Mayer, M., Prescott, C. E., Abaker, W. E., Augusto, L., Cécillon, L., Ferreira, G. W., James, J., Jandl, R., Katzensteiner, K., Laclau, J.-P., Laganière, J., Nouvellon, Y., Paré, D., Stanturf, J. A., Vanguelova, E. I., and Vesterdal, L.: Tamm Review: Influence of forest management activities on soil organic carbon stocks: A knowledge synthesis, Forest Ecol. Manag., 466, 118127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118127, 2020.
Minasny, B., Malone, B. P., McBratney, A. B., Angers, D. A., Arrouays, D., Chambers, A., Chaplot, V., Chen, Z. S., Cheng, K., Das, B. S., Field, D. J., Gimona, A., Hedley, C. B., Hong, S. Y., Mandal, B., Marchant, B. P., Martin, M., McConkey, B. G., Mulder, V. L., and Winowiecki, L.: Soil carbon 4 per mille, Geoderma, 292, 59–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.01.002, 2017.
Munera-Echeverri, J. L., Boulonne, L., Saby, N. P., Arrouays, D., Bertouy, B., Lacarce, E., Serré, F., Toutain, B., Millet, F., Loiseau, T., and Martin, M.: Datasets on bulk density and coarse fragment content from the French soil quality monitoring network, Data in Brief, 56, 110767, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110767, 2024.
Party, J. P., Vauthier, Q., and Rigou, L.: Notice de la carte pédologique au 1/50000 de la zone OPE, ANDRA (limited access), 2019.
Pellerin, S., Bamière, L., Savini, I., Rechauchère, O., Launay, C., Martin, R., Schiavo, M., Angers, D., Augusto, L., Balesdent, J., Basile-Doelsch, I., Bellassen, V., Cardinael, R., Cécillon, L., Ceschia, E., Chenu, C., Constantin, J., Daroussin, J., Delacote, P., Delame, N., Gastal, F., Gilbert, D., Graux, A.-I., Guenet, B., Houot, S., Klumpp, K., Letort, E., Litrico, I., Martin, M., Menasseri-Aubry, S., Meziere, D., Morvan, T., Mosnier, C., Roger-Estrade, J., Saint-André, L., Sierra, J., Therond, O., Viaud, V., Grateau, R., and Le Perchec, S.: Stocker du carbone dans les sols français, INRAE, https://doi.org/10.15454/nhxt-gn38, 2021.
Poeplau, C., Dechow, R., Begill, N., and Don, A.: Towards an ecosystem capacity to stabilise organic carbon in soils, Glob. Change Biol., 30, e17453, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17453, 2024.
Rasmussen, C., Heckman, K., Wieder, W. R., Keiluweit, M., Lawrence, C. R., Berhe, A. A., Blankinship, J. C., Crow, S. E., Druhan, J. L., Hicks Pries, C. E., Marin-Spiotta, E., Plante, A. F., Schädel, C., Schimel, J. P., Sierra, C. A., Thompson, A., and Wagai, R.: Beyond clay: Towards an improved set of variables for predicting soil organic matter content, Biogeochemistry, 137, 297–306, 2018.
Rocci, K. S., Lavallee, J. M., Stewart, C. E., and Cotrufo, M. F.: Soil organic carbon response to global environmental change depends on its distribution between mineral-associated and particulate organic matter: A meta-analysis, Sci. Total Environ., 793, 148569, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148569, 2021.
Rowley, M. C., Grand, S., Spangenberg, J. E., and Verrecchia, E. P.: Evidence linking calcium to increased organo-mineral association in soils, Biogeochemistry, 153, 223–241, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00779-7, 2021.
Saffih-Hdadi, K. and Mary, B.: Modeling consequences of straw residues export on soil organic carbon, Soil Biol. Biochem., 40, 594–607, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.08.022, 2008.
Sahrawat, K. L.: Organic matter accumulation in submerged soils, Adva. Agron., 81, 169–201, 2004.
Saxton, K. E. and Rawls, W. J.: Soil water characteristic estimates by texture and organic matter for hydrologic solutions, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 70, 1569–1578, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2005.0117, 2006.
Schimel, J.: Modeling ecosystem-scale carbon dynamics in soil: The microbial dimension, Soil Biol. Biochem., 178, 108948, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2023.108948, 2023.
Schlesinger, W. H., Dietze, M. C., Jackson, R. B., Phillips, R. P., Rhoades, C. C., Rustad, L. E., and Vose, J. M.: Forest biogeochemistry in response to drought, Glob. Change Biol., 22, 2318–2328, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13105, 2016.
Sierra, C. A., Ahrens, B., Bolinder, M. A., Braakhekke, M. C., von Fromm, S., Kätterer, T., Luo, Z., Parvin, N., and Wang, G.: Carbon sequestration in the subsoil and the time required to stabilize carbon for climate change mitigation, Glob. Change Biol., 30, e17153, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17153, 2024.
Shiri, J., Keshavarzi, A., Kisi, O., Karimi, S., and Iturraran-Viveros, U.: Modeling soil bulk density through a complete data scanning procedure: Heuristic alternatives, J. Hydrol., 549, 592–602, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.04.035, 2017.
Tautges, N. E., Chiartas, J. L., Gaudin, A. C. M., O'Geen, A. T., Herrera, I., and Scow, K. M.: Deep soil inventories reveal that impacts of cover crops and compost on soil carbon sequestration differ in surface and subsurface soils, Glob. Change Biol., 25, 3753–3766, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14762, 2019.
Verma, Y., Singh, N. K., and Pathak, S. O.: Application of carbon isotopic techniques in the study of soil organic matter dynamics, International Journal of Chemical Studies, 5, 1123–1128, 2017.
Wiesmeier, M., Von Lützow, M., Spörlein, P., Geuß, U., Hangen, E., Reischl, A., Schilling, B., and Kögel-Knabner, I.: Land use effects on organic carbon storage in soils of Bavaria: The importance of soil types, Soil Till. Res., 146, 296–302, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2014.10.003, 2015.
Yang, Y., Tilman, D., Furey, G., and Lehman, C.: Soil carbon sequestration accelerated by restoration of grassland biodiversity, Nat. Commun., 10, 718, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08636-w, 2019.
Short summary
This work maps both current soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and the SOC that can be realistically added to soils over 25 years under a scenario of management strategies promoting plant productivity. We consider how soil type influences current and maximum SOC stocks regionally. Over 25 years, land use and management have the strongest influence on SOC accrual, but certain soil types have disproportionate SOC stocks at depths that need to be preserved.
This work maps both current soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and the SOC that can be...
