Articles | Volume 2, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-79-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-79-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
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29 Feb 2016
Forum article | Highlight paper |
| 29 Feb 2016
World's soils are under threat
Luca Montanarella
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
European Commission – DG JRC, Via E. Fermi, 2749, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy
Daniel Jon Pennock
College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8, Canada
Neil McKenzie
CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, B.E. Butler Laboratory, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia
Mohamed Badraoui
INRA, Rabat, Morocco
Victor Chude
National Programme for Food Security, 127 Adetokunbo Ademola Crescent, Wuse 2, Abuja, Nigeria
Isaurinda Baptista
Instituto Nacional de Investigação e Desenvolvimento Agrário (INIDA) – São Jorge dos Órgãos CP 84, Praia, Cabo Verde
Tekalign Mamo
Ministry of Agriculture, P.O. Box 62347, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Martin Yemefack
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Yaoundé, Cameroon
Mikha Singh Aulakh
Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda, 210001, Uttar Pradesh, India
Kazuyuki Yagi
National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES), 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8604, Japan
Suk Young Hong
National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, South Korea
Pisoot Vijarnsorn
Chaipattana Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand
Gan-Lin Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Dominique Arrouays
INRA, InfoSol Unit, US 1106, 45075, Orléans, France
Helaina Black
Ecological Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
Pavel Krasilnikov
Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Jaroslava Sobocká
National Agricultural and Food Centre – Soil Science and Conservation Research Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
Julio Alegre
Departamento de Suelos, National Agrarian University, La Molina, Peru
Carlos Roberto Henriquez
Centro de Investigaciones Agronómicas, Facultad de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
Maria de Lourdes Mendonça-Santos
EMBRAPA – Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation/The National Centre of Soil Research (Embrapa Solos), Rua Jardim Botânico, 1024, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Miguel Taboada
Instituto de Suelos and CONICET, CIRN, INTA, Nicolás Repetto y De los Reseros S/N, CP 1686 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
David Espinosa-Victoria
Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico City, Mexico
Abdullah AlShankiti
International Center for Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Sayed Kazem AlaviPanah
Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Elsiddig Ahmed El Mustafa Elsheikh
Department of Soil & Environment Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Republic of the Sudan
Jon Hempel
USDA-NRCS National Soil Survey Center,100 Centennial Mall, Lincoln, NE 68508, USA
Marta Camps Arbestain
Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey Agriculture, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
Freddy Nachtergaele
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy
Ronald Vargas
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy
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Jeppe Aagaard Kristensen, Thomas Balstrøm, Robert J. A. Jones, Arwyn Jones, Luca Montanarella, Panos Panagos, and Henrik Breuning-Madsen
SOIL, 5, 289–301, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-289-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-289-2019, 2019
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In a world of increasing pressure on our environment, large-scale knowledge about our soil resources is in high demand. We show how five decades of collaboration between EU member states resulted in a full-coverage soil profile analytical database for Europe (SPADE), with soil data provided by soil experts from each country. We show how the dataset can be applied to estimate soil organic carbon in Europe and suggest further improvement to this critical support tool in continental-scale policies.
Johan Bouma and Luca Montanarella
SOIL, 2, 135–145, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-135-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-135-2016, 2016
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The recently accepted UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a major challenge to the research community, including soil science. SDGs require a interdisciplinary research approach that forces every discipline to critically evaluate its core messages. Effective communication with the policy arena requires use of common policy concepts such as policy phases and distinction of drivers, pressures, and responses to change. To accomodate such needs, research practices will have to change.
Saskia D. Keesstra, Johan Bouma, Jakob Wallinga, Pablo Tittonell, Pete Smith, Artemi Cerdà, Luca Montanarella, John N. Quinton, Yakov Pachepsky, Wim H. van der Putten, Richard D. Bardgett, Simon Moolenaar, Gerben Mol, Boris Jansen, and Louise O. Fresco
SOIL, 2, 111–128, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-111-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-111-2016, 2016
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Soil science, as a land-related discipline, has links to several of the UN Sustainable Development Goals which are demonstrated through the functions of soils and related ecosystem services. We discuss how soil scientists can rise to the challenge both internally and externally in terms of our relations with colleagues in other disciplines, diverse groups of stakeholders and the policy arena. To meet these goals we recommend the set of steps to be taken by the soil science community as a whole.
C. Mulder, J.-P. Hettelingh, L. Montanarella, M. R. Pasimeni, M. Posch, W. Voigt, and G. Zurlini
Biogeosciences, 12, 4113–4119, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4113-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4113-2015, 2015
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Spatial clustering of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition reveals that European C:N ratio varies more across soils of natural ecosystems with low pollution. It turns out surprisingly that such soils are the most affected by nitrogen accumulation and therefore most responsive to short-term N supply. While an inverse correlation between atmospheric nitrogen and soil C:N seems intuitive, we provide novel insights into the real magnitude and spatial distribution of this relationship since 1880.
Sergio Díaz-Guadarrama, Viviana M. Varón-Ramírez, Iván Lizarazo, Mario Guevara, Marcos Angelini, Gustavo A. Araujo-Carrillo, Jainer Argeñal, Daphne Armas, Rafael A. Balta, Adriana Bolivar, Nelson Bustamante, Ricardo O. Dart, Martin Dell Acqua, Arnulfo Encina, Hernán Figueredo, Fernando Fontes, Joan S. Gutiérrez-Díaz, Wilmer Jiménez, Raúl S. Lavado, Jesús F. Mansilla-Baca, Maria de Lourdes Mendonça-Santos, Lucas M. Moretti, Iván D. Muñoz, Carolina Olivera, Guillermo Olmedo, Christian Omuto, Sol Ortiz, Carla Pascale, Marco Pfeiffer, Iván A. Ramos, Danny Ríos, Rafael Rivera, Lady M. Rodriguez, Darío M. Rodríguez, Albán Rosales, Kenset Rosales, Guillermo Schulz, Víctor Sevilla, Leonardo M. Tenti, Ronald Vargas, Gustavo M. Vasques, Yusuf Yigini, and Yolanda Rubiano
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1229–1246, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1229-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1229-2024, 2024
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In this work, the Latin America and Caribbean Soil Information System (SISLAC) database (https://54.229.242.119/sislac/es) was revised to generate an improved version of the data. Rules for data enhancement were defined. In addition, other datasets available in the region were included. Subsequently, through a principal component analysis (PCA), the main soil characteristics for the region were analyzed. We hope this dataset can help mitigate problems such as food security and global warming.
S. Hamzeh, M. Hajeb, S. K. Alavipanah, and J. Verrelst
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-4-W1-2022, 271–277, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-W1-2022-271-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-W1-2022-271-2023, 2023
S. K. Alavipanah, M. Konyushkova, S. Hamzeh, A. A. Kakroodi, A. Heidari, M. K. Firozjaei, and N. Mijani
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4-W18, 51–56, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-51-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-51-2019, 2019
M. K. Firozjaei, S. Fathololuomi, S. K. Alavipanah, M. Kiavarz, A. Vaezi, A. Biswas, and A. Ghorbani
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4-W18, 395–399, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-395-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-395-2019, 2019
M. K. Firozjaei, M. Makki, J. Lentschke, M. Kiavarz, and S. K. Alavipanah
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4-W18, 401–405, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-401-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W18-401-2019, 2019
Jeppe Aagaard Kristensen, Thomas Balstrøm, Robert J. A. Jones, Arwyn Jones, Luca Montanarella, Panos Panagos, and Henrik Breuning-Madsen
SOIL, 5, 289–301, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-289-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-289-2019, 2019
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In a world of increasing pressure on our environment, large-scale knowledge about our soil resources is in high demand. We show how five decades of collaboration between EU member states resulted in a full-coverage soil profile analytical database for Europe (SPADE), with soil data provided by soil experts from each country. We show how the dataset can be applied to estimate soil organic carbon in Europe and suggest further improvement to this critical support tool in continental-scale policies.
S. K. Alavi Panah, M. Kiavarz Mogaddam, and M. Karimi Firozjaei
Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4-W4, 17–22, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W4-17-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W4-17-2017, 2017
Johan Bouma and Luca Montanarella
SOIL, 2, 135–145, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-135-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-135-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The recently accepted UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a major challenge to the research community, including soil science. SDGs require a interdisciplinary research approach that forces every discipline to critically evaluate its core messages. Effective communication with the policy arena requires use of common policy concepts such as policy phases and distinction of drivers, pressures, and responses to change. To accomodate such needs, research practices will have to change.
Saskia D. Keesstra, Johan Bouma, Jakob Wallinga, Pablo Tittonell, Pete Smith, Artemi Cerdà, Luca Montanarella, John N. Quinton, Yakov Pachepsky, Wim H. van der Putten, Richard D. Bardgett, Simon Moolenaar, Gerben Mol, Boris Jansen, and Louise O. Fresco
SOIL, 2, 111–128, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-111-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-111-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Soil science, as a land-related discipline, has links to several of the UN Sustainable Development Goals which are demonstrated through the functions of soils and related ecosystem services. We discuss how soil scientists can rise to the challenge both internally and externally in terms of our relations with colleagues in other disciplines, diverse groups of stakeholders and the policy arena. To meet these goals we recommend the set of steps to be taken by the soil science community as a whole.
P. Smith, M. F. Cotrufo, C. Rumpel, K. Paustian, P. J. Kuikman, J. A. Elliott, R. McDowell, R. I. Griffiths, S. Asakawa, M. Bustamante, J. I. House, J. Sobocká, R. Harper, G. Pan, P. C. West, J. S. Gerber, J. M. Clark, T. Adhya, R. J. Scholes, and M. C. Scholes
SOIL, 1, 665–685, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-665-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-665-2015, 2015
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Soils play a pivotal role in major global biogeochemical cycles (carbon, nutrient, and water), while hosting the largest diversity of organisms on land. Soils deliver fundamental ecosystem services, and management to change a soil process in support of one ecosystem service can affect other services. We provide a critical review of these aspects, and conclude that, although there are knowledge gaps, enough is known improve soils globally, and we suggest actions to start this process.
C. Mulder, J.-P. Hettelingh, L. Montanarella, M. R. Pasimeni, M. Posch, W. Voigt, and G. Zurlini
Biogeosciences, 12, 4113–4119, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4113-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4113-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Spatial clustering of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition reveals that European C:N ratio varies more across soils of natural ecosystems with low pollution. It turns out surprisingly that such soils are the most affected by nitrogen accumulation and therefore most responsive to short-term N supply. While an inverse correlation between atmospheric nitrogen and soil C:N seems intuitive, we provide novel insights into the real magnitude and spatial distribution of this relationship since 1880.
Related subject area
Soil as a resource
Long-term field experiments in Germany: classification and spatial representation
Adsorption to soils and biochemical characterization of commercial phytases
Development of a harmonised soil profile analytical database for Europe: a resource for supporting regional soil management
Arable soil formation and erosion: a hillslope-based cosmogenic nuclide study in the United Kingdom
Assessment and quantification of marginal lands for biomass production in Europe using soil-quality indicators
Physical, chemical, and mineralogical attributes of a representative group of soils from the eastern Amazon region in Brazil
Uncertainty indication in soil function maps – transparent and easy-to-use information to support sustainable use of soil resources
A systemic approach for modeling soil functions
Soil conservation in the 21st century: why we need smart agricultural intensification
Global distribution of soil organic carbon – Part 1: Masses and frequency distributions of SOC stocks for the tropics, permafrost regions, wetlands, and the world
Meike Grosse, Wilfried Hierold, Marlen C. Ahlborn, Hans-Peter Piepho, and Katharina Helming
SOIL, 6, 579–596, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-579-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-579-2020, 2020
Short summary
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Agricultural long-term field experiments (LTFEs) are an important basis for soil and agricultural sciences. A compilation of metadata and research data from LTFEs in Germany shall enhance networking and simplify the access to this most valuable research infrastructure. The common analyses of similar LTFEs on different sites can broaden the results. Therefore, LTFEs were classified and their distribution in Germany was compared to three site classifications.
María Marta Caffaro, Karina Beatriz Balestrasse, and Gerardo Rubio
SOIL, 6, 153–162, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-153-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-153-2020, 2020
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Four commercial phytases were evaluated as candidates to be used as biological fertilizer to release inorganic phosphorus (P) from phytates and other soil P organic forms. All phytases were able to release inorganic P throughout the pH and temperature ranges for optimum crop production and had a low affinity for the solid phase, with some differences between them. These results indicate that the use of phytases to complement P fertilization may be a feasible tool to enhance soil P availability.
Jeppe Aagaard Kristensen, Thomas Balstrøm, Robert J. A. Jones, Arwyn Jones, Luca Montanarella, Panos Panagos, and Henrik Breuning-Madsen
SOIL, 5, 289–301, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-289-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-289-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In a world of increasing pressure on our environment, large-scale knowledge about our soil resources is in high demand. We show how five decades of collaboration between EU member states resulted in a full-coverage soil profile analytical database for Europe (SPADE), with soil data provided by soil experts from each country. We show how the dataset can be applied to estimate soil organic carbon in Europe and suggest further improvement to this critical support tool in continental-scale policies.
Daniel L. Evans, John N. Quinton, Andrew M. Tye, Ángel Rodés, Jessica A. C. Davies, Simon M. Mudd, and Timothy A. Quine
SOIL, 5, 253–263, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-253-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-253-2019, 2019
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Policy to conserve thinning arable soils relies on a balance between the rates of soil erosion and soil formation. Our knowledge of the latter is meagre. Here, we present soil formation rates for an arable hillslope, the first of their kind globally, and a woodland hillslope, the first of their kind in Europe. Rates range between 26 and 96 mm kyr−1. On the arable site, erosion rates are 2 orders of magnitude greater, and in a worst-case scenario, bedrock exposure could occur in 212 years.
Werner Gerwin, Frank Repmann, Spyridon Galatsidas, Despoina Vlachaki, Nikos Gounaris, Wibke Baumgarten, Christiane Volkmann, Dimitrios Keramitzis, Fotis Kiourtsis, and Dirk Freese
SOIL, 4, 267–290, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-267-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-267-2018, 2018
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The need for biomass for energetic or material use is increasing parallel to the need to extend the production of food for a growing world population. This results in conflicts between both land use strategies. Use of marginal lands could solve this conflict, however, the understanding of marginal lands and the knowledge of their potentials are still not fully developed. We present an approach to assess land marginality based on soil quality and an estimation of land potentials all over Europe.
Edna Santos de Souza, Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes, Anderson Martins De Souza Braz, Fábio Júnior de Oliveira, Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni, and Milton César Costa Campos
SOIL, 4, 195–212, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-195-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-195-2018, 2018
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The study refers to a survey of the attributes of the main soil classes of the state of Pará, an eastern Amazon region in Brazil. These soils have good potential for agricultural use under natural conditions. In this study we observed that the soils are predominantly kaolinitic, but have relatively low aluminum and organic matter contents, with huge textural variability. The results enable a better understanding of eastern Amazonian soils, whose area reaches more than 1.2 million km2.
Lucie Greiner, Madlene Nussbaum, Andreas Papritz, Stephan Zimmermann, Andreas Gubler, Adrienne Grêt-Regamey, and Armin Keller
SOIL, 4, 123–139, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-123-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-123-2018, 2018
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To maintain the soil resource, spatial information on soil multi-functionality is key. Soil function (SF) maps rate soils potentials to fulfill a certain function, e.g., nutrient regulation. We show how uncertainties in predictions of soil properties generated by digital soil mapping propagate into soil function maps, present possibilities to display this uncertainty information and show that otherwise comparable SF assessment methods differ in their behaviour in view of uncertainty propagation.
Hans-Jörg Vogel, Stephan Bartke, Katrin Daedlow, Katharina Helming, Ingrid Kögel-Knabner, Birgit Lang, Eva Rabot, David Russell, Bastian Stößel, Ulrich Weller, Martin Wiesmeier, and Ute Wollschläger
SOIL, 4, 83–92, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-83-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-83-2018, 2018
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This paper deals with the importance of soil for our terrestrial environment and the need to predict the impact of soil management on the multitude of functions that soil provides. We suggest to consider soil as a self-organized complex system and provide a concept of how this could be achieved. This includes how soil research, currently fragmented into a number of more or less disjunct disciplines, may be integrated to substantially contribute to a science-based evaluation of soil functions.
Gerard Govers, Roel Merckx, Bas van Wesemael, and Kristof Van Oost
SOIL, 3, 45–59, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-45-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-45-2017, 2017
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We discuss pathways towards better soil protection in the 21st century. The efficacy of soil conservation technology is not a fundamental barrier for a more sustainable soil management. However, soil conservation is generally not directly beneficial to the farmer. We believe that the solution of this conundrum is a rapid, smart intensification of agriculture in the Global South. This will reduce the financial burden and will, at the same time, allow more effective conservation.
M. Köchy, R. Hiederer, and A. Freibauer
SOIL, 1, 351–365, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-351-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-351-2015, 2015
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Soils contain 1062Pg organic C (SOC) in 0-1m depth based on the adjusted Harmonized World Soil Database. Different estimates of bulk density of Histosols cause an uncertainty in the range of -56/+180Pg. We also report the frequency distribution of SOC stocks by continent, wetland type, and permafrost type. Using additional estimates for frozen and deeper soils, global soils are estimated to contain 1325Pg SOC in 0-1m and ca. 3000Pg, including deeper layers.
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Short summary
The Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils has completed the first State of the World's Soil Resources Report. The gravest threats were identified for all the regions of the world. This assessment forms a basis for future soil monitoring. The quality of soil information available for policy formulation must be improved.
The Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils has completed the first State of the World's Soil...
