Articles | Volume 2, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-537-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-537-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Original research article
| 
21 Oct 2016
Original research article |
| 21 Oct 2016
Paleosols can promote root growth of recent vegetation – a case study from the sandy soil–sediment sequence Rakt, the Netherlands
Martina I. Gocke
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Geography, University of Zurich,
Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation,
University of Bonn, Nussallee 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
Fabian Kessler
Department of Geography, University of Zurich,
Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
Jan M. van Mourik
IBED-Paleoecology, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94240,
Amsterdam 1090 GE, the Netherlands
Boris Jansen
IBED-Earth Surface Science, University of Amsterdam, P.O.
Box 94240, Amsterdam 1090 GE, the Netherlands
Guido L. B. Wiesenberg
Department of Geography, University of Zurich,
Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
Related authors
No articles found.
Tatjana Carina Speckert, Arnaud Huguet, and Guido Lars Bruno Wiesenberg
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-870, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-870, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Afforestation on former pasture and its potential implication on the soil microbial community structure remains still an open question, particularly in mountainous regions. We investigate the effect of afforestation on a subalpine pasture on the soil microbial community structure by combining the analysis of PLFA and GDGTs. We found differences in the microbial community structure with evidence of increasing decomposition of soil organic matter due to the alteration in substrate quality.
Carrie L. Thomas, Boris Jansen, Sambor Czerwiński, Mariusz Gałka, Klaus-Holger Knorr, E. Emiel van Loon, Markus Egli, and Guido L. B. Wiesenberg
Biogeosciences, 20, 4893–4914, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4893-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4893-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Peatlands are vital terrestrial ecosystems that can serve as archives, preserving records of past vegetation and climate. We reconstructed the vegetation history over the last 2600 years of the Beerberg peatland and surrounding area in the Thuringian Forest in Germany using multiple analyses. We found that, although the forest composition transitioned and human influence increased, the peatland remained relatively stable until more recent times, when drainage and dust deposition had an impact.
Tatjana C. Speckert, Jeannine Suremann, Konstantin Gavazov, Maria J. Santos, Frank Hagedorn, and Guido L. B. Wiesenberg
SOIL, 9, 609–621, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-609-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-609-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is key player in the global carbon cycle. Afforestation on pastures potentially alters organic matter input and SOC sequestration. We investigated the effects of a Picea abies L. afforestation sequence (0 to 130 years) on a former subalpine pasture on SOC stocks and dynamics. We found no difference in the SOC stock after 130 years of afforestation and thus no additional SOC sequestration. SOC composition was altered due to a modified SOC input following afforestation.
Carrie L. Thomas, Boris Jansen, E. Emiel van Loon, and Guido L. B. Wiesenberg
SOIL, 7, 785–809, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-785-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-785-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Plant organs, such as leaves, contain a variety of chemicals that are eventually deposited into soil and can be useful for studying organic carbon cycling. We performed a systematic review of available data of one type of plant-derived chemical, n-alkanes, to determine patterns of degradation or preservation from the source plant to the soil. We found that while there was degradation in the amount of n-alkanes from plant to soil, some aspects of the chemical signature were preserved.
Cyrill U. Zosso, Nicholas O. E. Ofiti, Jennifer L. Soong, Emily F. Solly, Margaret S. Torn, Arnaud Huguet, Guido L. B. Wiesenberg, and Michael W. I. Schmidt
SOIL, 7, 477–494, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-477-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-477-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
How subsoil microorganisms respond to warming is largely unknown, despite their crucial role in the soil organic carbon cycle. We observed that the subsoil microbial community composition was more responsive to warming compared to the topsoil community composition. Decreased microbial abundance in subsoils, as observed in this study, might reduce the magnitude of the respiration response over time, and a shift in the microbial community will likely affect the cycling of soil organic carbon.
Milan L. Teunissen van Manen, Boris Jansen, Francisco Cuesta, Susana León-Yánez, and William D. Gosling
Biogeosciences, 17, 5465–5487, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5465-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5465-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured plant wax in leaves and soils along an environmental gradient in the Ecuadorian Andes. These data show how the wax composition changes as the plant material degrades in different environments. Local temperature is reflected in the wax despite the level degradation. The study results warrant further research into a possible causal relationship that may lead to the development of n-alkane patterns as a novel palaeoecological proxy.
Pranav Hirave, Guido L. B. Wiesenberg, Axel Birkholz, and Christine Alewell
Biogeosciences, 17, 2169–2180, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2169-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2169-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Sediment input into water bodies is a prominent threat to freshwater ecosystems. We tested the stability of tracers employed in freshwater sediment tracing based on compound-specific isotope analysis during early degradation in soil. While bulk δ13C values showed no stability, δ13C values of plant-derived fatty acids and n-alkanes were stably transferred to the soil without soil particle size dependency after an early degradation in organic horizons, thus indicating their suitability as tracers.
Songyu Yang, Boris Jansen, Samira Absalah, Rutger L. van Hall, Karsten Kalbitz, and Erik L. H. Cammeraat
SOIL, 6, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-1-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-6-1-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soils store large carbon and are important for global warming. We do not know what factors are important for soil carbon storage in the alpine Andes or how they work. We studied how rainfall affects soil carbon storage related to soil structure. We found soil structure is not important, but soil carbon storage and stability controlled by rainfall is dependent on rocks under the soils. The results indicate that we should pay attention to the rocks when we study soil carbon storage in the Andes.
Nicolette Tamara Regina Johanna Maria Jonkman, Esmee Daniëlle Kooijman, Karsten Kalbitz, Nicky Rosa Maria Pouw, and Boris Jansen
SOIL, 5, 303–313, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-303-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-303-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In the urban gardens of Kisumu we interviewed female farmers to determine the sources and scope of their agricultural knowledge. We assessed the impact of the knowledge by comparing the influence of two types of management on soil nutrients. While one type of management was more effective in terms of preserving soil nutrients, the other management type had socioeconomic benefits. Both environmental and socioeconomic effects have to be considered in agricultural training to increase their impact.
Marlène Lavrieux, Axel Birkholz, Katrin Meusburger, Guido L. B. Wiesenberg, Adrian Gilli, Christian Stamm, and Christine Alewell
Biogeosciences, 16, 2131–2146, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2131-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2131-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A fingerprinting approach using compound-specific stable isotopes was applied to a lake sediment core to reconstruct erosion processes over the past 150 years in a Swiss catchment. Even though the reconstruction of land use and eutrophication history was successful, the observation of comparatively low δ13C values of plant-derived fatty acids in the sediment suggests their alteration within the lake. Thus, their use as a tool for source attribution in sediment cores needs further investigation.
Boris Jansen and Guido L. B. Wiesenberg
SOIL, 3, 211–234, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-211-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-211-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The application of lipids in soils as molecular proxies, also often referred to as biomarkers, has dramatically increased in the last decades. Applications range from inferring changes in past vegetation composition to unraveling the turnover of soil organic matter. However, the application of soil lipids as molecular proxies comes with several constraining factors. Here we provide a critical review of the current state of knowledge on the applicability of molecular proxies in soil science.
Jan M. van Mourik, Thomas V. Wagner, J. Geert de Boer, and Boris Jansen
SOIL, 2, 299–310, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-299-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-299-2016, 2016
Marieke Doorenbosch and Jan M. van Mourik
SOIL, 2, 311–324, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-311-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-311-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Soil records provide information about 5 millennia of heath management in cultural landscapes on sandy soils. Deforestations and the introduction of the deep, stable economy in the 18th century resulted in sand drifting and heath degradation. After the introduction of chemical fertilizers more than 90 % of the heaths were transformed into productive arable field or forests. Currently the last heaths are preserved as part of the cultural heritage.
Saskia D. Keesstra, Johan Bouma, Jakob Wallinga, Pablo Tittonell, Pete Smith, Artemi Cerdà, Luca Montanarella, John N. Quinton, Yakov Pachepsky, Wim H. van der Putten, Richard D. Bardgett, Simon Moolenaar, Gerben Mol, Boris Jansen, and Louise O. Fresco
SOIL, 2, 111–128, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-111-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-111-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Soil science, as a land-related discipline, has links to several of the UN Sustainable Development Goals which are demonstrated through the functions of soils and related ecosystem services. We discuss how soil scientists can rise to the challenge both internally and externally in terms of our relations with colleagues in other disciplines, diverse groups of stakeholders and the policy arena. To meet these goals we recommend the set of steps to be taken by the soil science community as a whole.
J. M. van Mourik, D. J. G. Braekmans, M. Doorenbosch, W. J. Kuijper, and J. van der Plicht
SOIL Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2015-82, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2015-82, 2016
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Paleoecological studies of mardels could not solve the problem concerning the geological versus anthropogenic genesis of mardels.
The results of archaeometrical tests show that colluvial clay, excavated from mardels has been used in Roman Time to produce ceramics.
Mardels are initially natural depressions, filled with pre Roman colluvial clay, excavated in the Roam Time and refilled with clay after the Roman Time.
M. Rinderer, H. C. Komakech, D. Müller, G. L. B. Wiesenberg, and J. Seibert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3505–3516, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3505-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3505-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
A field method for assessing soil moisture in semi-arid conditions is proposed and tested in terms of inter-rater reliability with 40 Tanzanian farmers, students and experts. The seven wetness classes are based on qualitative indicators that one can see, feel or hear. It could be shown that the qualitative wetness classes reflect differences in volumetric water content and neither experience nor a certain level of education was a prerequisite to gain high agreement among raters.
Cited articles
Anderson, H. A., Berrow, M. L., Farmer, V. C., Hepburn, A., Russell, J. D., and Walker, A. D.: A reassessment of podzol formation processes, J. Soil Sci., 33, 125–136, 1982.
Andreeva, D. B., Zech, M., Glaser, B., Erbajeva, M. A., Chimitdorgieva, G. D., Ermakova, O. D., and Zech, W.: Stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N, δ18O) record of soils in Buryatia, southern Siberia: Implications for biogeochemical and paleoclimatic interpretations, Quaternary Int., 290–291, 82–94, 2013.
Baritz, R., Seufert, G., Montanarella, L., and van Ranst, E.: Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe, Forest Ecol. Manag., 260, 262–277, 2010.
Blume, H.-P. and Leinweber, P.: Plaggen soils: landscape history, properties, and classification, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sc., 167, 319–327, 2004.
Bockheim, J.: Distribution and Genesis of Ortstein and Placic Horizons in Soils of the USA: A Review, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 75, 994–1005, 2011.
Buggle, B., Wiesenberg, G. L. B., and Glaser, B.: Is there a possibility to correct fossil n-alkane data for postsedimentary alteration effects?, Appl. Geochem., 25, 947–957, 2010.
Canadell, J., Jackson, R. B., Ehleringer, J. R., Mooney, H. A., Sala, O. E., and Schulze, E. D.: Maximum rooting depth of vegetation types at the global scale, Oecologia, 108, 583–595, 1996.
Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE): Proceedings of the 8th session of CIE, Cambridge University Press, UK, 1931.
Coutts, M. P., Nielsen C. C. N., and Nicoll, B. C.: The development of symmetry, rigidity and anchorage in the structural root system of conifers, Plant Soil, 217, 1–15, 1999.
Driessen, P. M. and Dudal, R.: The Major Soils of the World, Koninklijke Wöhrmann B. V., Zutphen, the Netherlands, 1991.
Eckelmann, W.: Plaggenesche aus Sanden, Schluffen und Lehmen sowie Oberflächenveränderungen als Folge der Plaggenwirtschaft in den Landschaften des Landkreises Osnabrück, Geologisches Jahrbuch, 10, 1–95, 1980.
Egli, M., Gristina, L., Wiesenberg, G. L. B., Civantos, J. M. M., Rotolo, A., Novara, A., Brandovà, D., and Raimondi, S.: From pedologic indications to archaeological reconstruction: deciphering land use in the Islamic period in the Baida district (north-western Sicily), J. Archaeol. Sci., 40, 2670–2685, 2013.
FAO: Guidelines for soil description, 4th Edn., Rome, 2006.
Fontaine, S., Barot, S., Barré, P., Bdioui, N., Mary, B., and Rumpel, C.: Stability of organic carbon in deep soil layers controlled by fresh carbon supply, Nature, 450, 277–281, 2007.
Giani, L., Makowsky, L., and Mueller, K.: Plaggic Anthrosol: Soil of the Year 2013 in Germany. An overview on its formation, distribution, classification, soil function and Threats, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sc., 177, 320–329, 2014.
Gocke, M., Hambach, U., Eckmeier, E., Schwark, L., Zöller, L., Fuchs, M., Löscher, M., and Wiesenberg, G. L. B.: Introducing an improved multi-proxy approach for paleoenvironmental reconstruction of loess-paleosol archives applied on the Late Pleistocene Nussloch sequence (SW Germany), Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 410, 300–315, 2014a.
Gocke, M., Peth, S., and Wiesenberg, G. L. B.: Lateral and depth variation of loess organic matter overprint related to rhizoliths – Revealed by lipid molecular proxies and X-ray tomography, Catena, 112, 72–85, 2014b.
Harper, R. J. and Tibbett, M.: The hidden organic carbon in deep mineral soils, Plant Soil, 368, 641–648, 2013.
Harrison, R. B., Footen, P. W., and Strahm, B. D.: Deep soil horizons: Contributions and importance to soil carbon pools and in assessing whole-ecosystem response to management and global change, Forest Sci., 57, 67–76, 2011.
Hillel, D.: Fundamentals of Soil Physics, Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1980.
Hodge, A., Berta, G., Doussan, C., Merchan, F., and Crespi, M.: Plant root growth, architecture and function, Plant Soil, 321, 153–187, 2009.
Huguet, A., Wiesenberg, G. L. B., Gocke, M., Fosse, C., and Derenne, S.: Branched tetraether membrane lipids associated with rhizoliths in loess: Rhizomicrobial overprinting of initial biomarker record, Org. Geochem., 43, 12–19, 2012.
IUSS Working Group WRB: World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, World Soil Resources Reports No. 106 FAO, Rome, Italy, 2014.
Jansen, B., van Loon, E. E., Hooghiemstra, H., and Verstraten, J. M.: Improved reconstruction of palaeo-environments through unravelling of preserved vegetation biomarker patterns, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 285, 119-130, 2010.
Jobbàgy, E. G. and Jackson, R. B.: The Vertical Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Relation to Climate and Vegetation, Ecol. Appl., 10, 423–436, 2000.
Jobbàgy, E. G. and Jackson, R. B.: The distribution of soils nutrients with depth: Gobal patterns and the imprint of plants, Biogeochemistry, 53, 51–77, 2001.
Johnson, W. C.: Sequestration in buried soils, Nat. Geosci., 7, 398–399, 2014.
Kautz, T., Amelung, W., Ewert, F., Gaiser, T., Horn, R., Jahn, R., Javaux, M., Kemna, A., Kuzyakov, Y., Munch, J.-C., Pätzold, S., Peth, S., Scherer, H. W., Schloter, M., Schneider, H., Vanderborght, J., Vetterlein, D., Walter, A., Wiesenberg, G. L. B., and Köpke, U.: Nutrient acquisition from arable subsoils in temperate climates: A review, Soil Biol. Biochem., 57, 1003–1022, 2013.
Kell, D. B.: Large-scale sequestration of atmospheric carbon via plant roots in natural and agricultural ecosystems: why and how, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. B, 367, 1589–1597, 2012.
Konen, M. E., Burras, C. L., and Sandor, J. A.: Organic carbon, texture, and quantitative color measurement relationships for cultivated soils in North Central Iowa, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 67, 1823–1830, 2003.
Lal, R.: Tillage effects on soil degradation, soil resilience, soil quality, and sustainability, Soil Till. Res., 27, 1–8, 1994.
Li, Z., Wang, N., Li, R., Ning, K., Cheng, H., and Zhao, L.: Indication of millennial-scale moisture changes by the temporal distribution of Holocene calcareous root tubes in the deserts of the Alashan Plateau, Northwest China, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 440, 496–505, 2015.
Lorenz, K., Lal, R., and Shipitalo, M. J.: Stabilized soil organic carbon pools in subsoils under forest are potential sinks for atmospheric CO2, Forest Sci., 57, 19–25, 2011.
Maeght, J. L., Rewald, B., and Pierret, A.: How to study deep roots – and why it matters, Frontiers in Plant Science, 4, 299, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00299, 2013.
Marin-Spiotta, E., Chaopricha, N. T., Plante, A. F., Diefendorf, A. F., Mueller, C. W., Grandy, A. S., and Mason, J. A.: Long-term stabilization of deep soil carbon by fire and burial during early Holocene climate change, Nat. Geosci., 7, 428–432, 2014.
Mendez-Millan, M., Nguyen Tu, T. T., Balesdent, J., Derenne, S., Derrien, D., Egasse, C., Thongo M'Bou, A., Zeller, B., and Hatté, C.: Compound-specific 13C and 14C measurements improve the understanding of soil organic matter dynamics, Biogeochemistry, 118, 205–223, 2014.
Millikin, C. S. and Bledsoe, C. S.: Biomass and distribution of fine and coarse roots from blue oak (Quercus douglasii) trees in the northern Sierra Nevada foothills of California, Plant Soil, 214, 27–38, 1999.
Moreno, G., Obrador, J. J., Cubera, E., and Dupraz, C.: Fine Root Distribution in Dehesas of Central-Western Spain, Plant Soil, 277, 153–162, 2005.
Müller, H.-W., Dohrmann, R., Klosa, D., Rehder, S., and Eckelmann, W.: Comparison of two procedures for particle-size analysis: Köhn pipette and X-ray granulometry, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sc., 172, 172–179, 2009.
PAGES 2k Consortium: Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia, Nat. Geosci., 6, 339–346, 2013.
Pape, J. C.: Plaggen soils in the Netherlands, Geoderma, 4, 229–255, 1970.
Perkons, U., Kautz, T., Uteau, D., Peth, S., Geier, V., Thomas, K., Lütke Holz, K., Athmann, M., Pude, R., and Köpke, U.: Root-length densities of various annual crops following crops with contrasting root systems, Soil Till. Res., 137, 50–57, 2014.
Poschenrieder, C., Gunse, B., Corrales, I., and Barcelo, J.: A glance into aluminum toxicity and resistance in plants, Sci. Total Environ., 400, 356–368, 2008.
Pye, K. and Sherwin, D.: Loess, chap. 10, in: Aeolian Environments, Sediments and Landforms, edited by: Goudie, A. S., Livingstone, I., and Stokes, S., Wiley, Chichester, 213–238, 1999.
Rasse, D. P., Rumpel, C., and Dignac, M.-F.: Is soil carbon mostly root carbon? Mechanisms for a specific stabilisation, Plant Soil, 269, 341–356, 2005.
Richter, D. D. and Markewitz, D.: How deep is soil?, BioScience, 45, 600–609, 1995.
Ryan, P. R., Shaff, J. E., and Kochian, L. V.: Aluminum Toxicity in Roots: Correlation among Ionic Currents, Ion Fluxes, and Root Elongation in Aluminum-Sensitive and Aluminum-Tolerant Wheat Cultivars, Plant Physiol., 99, 1193–1200, 1992.
Sachse, D., Kahmen, A., and Gleixner, G.: Significant seasonal variation in the hydrogen isotopic composition of leaf-wax lipids for two deciduous tree ecosystems (Fagus sylvativa and Acer pseudoplatanus), Org. Geochem., 40, 732–742, 2009.
Sainju, U. M. and Good, R. E.: Vertical root distribution in relation to soil properties in New Jersey Pinelands forests, Plant Soil, 150, 87–97, 1993.
Sauer, D., Sponagel, H., Sommer, M., Giane, L., Jahn, R., and Stahr, K.: Podzol: Soil of the Year 2007. A review on its genesis, occurrence, and functions, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sc., 170, 581–597, 2007.
Schmidt, M. W. I., Torn, M. S., Abiven, S., Dittmar, T., Guggenberger, G., Janssens, I. A., Kleber, M., Kögel-Knabner, I., Lehmann, J., Manning, D. A. C., Nannipieri, P., Rasse, D. P., Weiner, S., and Trumbore, S. E.: Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property, Nature, 478, 49–56, 2011.
Schulze, D. G., Nagel, J. L., van Scoyoc, G. E., Henderson, T. L., Baumgardner, M. F., and Stott, D. E.: Significance of soil organic matter in determining soil colors, in: Soil Color, edited by: Bigham, J. M. and Ciolkosz, E. J., SSSA Special Publication 31. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI, 71–90, 1993.
Thomas, F.: Vertical rooting patterns of mature Quercus trees growing on different soil types in northern Germany, Plant Ecol., 147, 95–103, 2000.
Újvári, G., Molnár, M., Novothny, Á., Páll-Gergeley, B., Kovács, J., and Várhegyi, A.: AMS 14C and OSL/IRSL dating of the Dunaszekcso loess sequence (Hungary): chronology for 20 to 150 ka and implications for establishing reliable age-depth models for the last 40 ka, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 106, 140–154, 2014.
Van Mourik, J. M. and Jansen, B.: The added value of biomarker analysis in palaeopedology; reconstruction of the vegetation during stable periods in a polycyclic driftsand sequence in SE-Netherlands, Quaternary Int., 306, 14–23, 2013.
Van Mourik, J. M., Nierop, K. G. J., and Vandenberghe, D. A. G.: Radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence dating based chronology of a polycyclic driftsand sequence at Weerterbergen (SE Netherlands), Catena, 80, 170–181, 2010.
Van Mourik, J. M., Seijmonsbergen, A. C., Slotboom, R. T., and Wallinga, J.: Impact of human land use on soils and landforms in cultural landscapes on aeolian sandy substrates (Maashorst, SE-Netherlands), Quaternary Int., 265, 74–89, 2012.
Van Mourik, J. M., Wagner, T. V., de Boer, J. G., and Jansen, B.: The added value of biomarker analysis to the genesis of plaggic Anthrosols; the identification of stable fillings used for the production of plaggic manure, SOIL, 2, 299–310, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2-299-2016, 2016.
Wallinga, J., van Mourik, J. M., and Schilder, M. L. M.: Identifying and dating buried micropodzols in Subatlantic polycyclic drift sands, Quaternary Int., 306, 60–70, 2013.
Wells, P. S.: The Battle that Stopped Rome: Emperor Augustus, Arminius, and the Slaughter of the Legions in the Teutoburg Forest, W. W. Norton and Company, London, UK, 2004.
Wiesenberg, G. L. B., Schwark, L., and Schmidt, M. W. I.: Extractable lipid contents and colour in particle-size separates and bulk arable soils, Eur. J. Soil Sci., 57, 634–643, 2006.
Wiesenberg, G. L. B., Andreeva, D. B., Chimitdorgieva, G. D., Erbajeva, M. A., and Zech, W.: Reconstruction of environmental changes during the late glacial and Holocene reflected in a soil-sedimentary sequence from the lower Selenga River valley, Lake Baikal region, Siberia, assessed by lipid molecular proxies, Quaternary Int., 365, 190–202, 2015.
Wiesmeier, M., Spörlein, P., Geu, U., Hangen, E., Haug, S., Reischl, A., Schilling, B., von Lützow, M., and Kögel-Knabner, I.: Soil organic carbon stocks in southeast Germany (Bavaria) as affected by land use, soil type and sampling depth, Glob. Change Biol., 18, 2233–2245, 2012.
Short summary
Investigation of a Dutch sandy profile demonstrated that buried soils provide beneficial growth conditions for plant roots in terms of nutrients. The intense exploitation of deep parts of the soil profile, including subsoil and soil parent material, by roots of the modern vegetation is often underestimated by traditional approaches. Potential consequences of deep rooting for terrestrial carbon stocks, located to a relevant part in buried soils, remain largely unknown and require further studies.
Investigation of a Dutch sandy profile demonstrated that buried soils provide beneficial growth...
Special issue