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Articles | Volume 12, issue 2
Articles | Volume 12, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-12-963-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-12-963-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 12, issue 2
Original research article
 | 
13 Oct 2026
Original research article |  | 13 Oct 2026

Biochar addition enhances soil aggregate stability by modulating soil internal forces: the critical role of readily oxidized organic carbon and particulate organic carbon

Xiaoshuai Song, Chenyang Xu, Huanhuan Zhao, Jiangwen Li, Wei Du, Wuquan Ding, Zhenghong Yu, Fengbao Zhang, and Feinan Hu

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Short summary
Readily oxidized organic carbon and particulate organic carbon were the main factors affecting soil surface electrochemical properties. Biochar enhanced van der Waals attraction while reducing electrostatic repulsion and net repulsive forces, stabilizing soil aggregates. Soil aggregate stability increased with higher biochar application rates, and the beneficial effect of biochar on aggregate stability became increasingly pronounced over time.
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