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Articles | Volume 12, issue 2
Articles | Volume 12, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-12-915-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-12-915-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 12, issue 2
Original research article
 | 
23 Sep 2026
Original research article |  | 23 Sep 2026

Soil moisture as the dominant driver of CO2 efflux in Mediterranean urban green spaces: evidence for a Gaussian temperature response and mechanistic modelling of moisture and temperature interactions

Teresa Alía, Sergio González-Ubierna, Abel Sánchez-Jiménez, Rubén Abad-Calderón, and Miguel Ángel Casermeiro

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Short summary
Urban parks store and release carbon, but what controls this process in Mediterranean cities remains poorly understood. We monitored carbon dioxide emissions from soils in three Madrid parks over one year and found that soil moisture, not temperature, is the main driver. Surprisingly, emissions declined at high temperatures, not because heat suppresses soil life, but because hot summers dry out the soil. Keeping urban soils moist is key to managing their carbon balance under climate change.
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